1. A Review of General Chemistry

Which of the following is a fundamental concept in organic chemistry that explains the formation of covalent bonds between carbon atoms?

Why are viruses considered to be nonliving entities in the context of organic chemistry?

Which of the following are classified as acellular infectious agents?

Which type of mutation helped lead to the understanding that the genetic code is based on triplets?

Which of the following were the earliest oxygen-producing life-forms?

In the context of organic chemistry, what is the first step of the Calvin cycle?

Which of the following statements best describes the nature of chemical reactions in organic chemistry?

In the context of DNA replication, what does semi-conservative replication mean?

Why is phosphorus an important biological molecule in organic chemistry?

Which of the following statements is true about the hybridization of carbon in methane (CH4)?

Which pattern in the fossil record supports the conclusion that species go extinct?

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of a functional group in organic chemistry?

In the context of organic chemistry, what is the primary role of NADH and FADH2?

Which of the following statements correctly describes a characteristic of alkanes?

Which of the following is not a product of fermentation?