Textbook Question
Identify each of the following as a nucleoside or a nucleotide:
b. guanosine
Ch.17 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis
Timberlake14thChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9781292472249
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 Chemistry in Our Lives19
- Ch.2 Chemistry and Measurements80
- Ch.3 Matter and Energy53
- Ch.4 Atoms and Elements58
- Ch.5 Nuclear Chemistry42
- Ch.6 Ionic and Molecular Compounds57
- Ch.7 Chemical Quantities and Reactions38
- Ch.8 Gases30
- Ch.9 Solutions50
- Ch.10 Acids and Bases and Equilibrium64
- Ch.11 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Hydrocarbons77
- Ch.12 Alcohols, Thiols, Ethers, Aldehydes, and Ketones82
- Ch.13 Carbohydrates54
- Ch.14 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Amines, and Amides91
- Ch.15 Lipids61
- Ch.16 Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes84
- Ch.17 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis86
- Ch.18 Metabolic Pathways and ATP Production73
Timberlake14thChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9781292472249Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 17, Problem 9c
State whether each of the following components is present in DNA only, RNA only, or both DNA and RNA:
c. deoxycytidine monophosphate
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the structure of DNA and RNA: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid) are nucleic acids composed of nucleotides. Each nucleotide consists of three components: a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.
Identify the sugar in the nucleotide: DNA contains deoxyribose as its sugar, while RNA contains ribose. The key difference is that deoxyribose lacks an oxygen atom on the 2' carbon of the sugar ring, whereas ribose has a hydroxyl (-OH) group at this position.
Analyze the term 'deoxycytidine monophosphate': The prefix 'deoxy-' indicates the presence of deoxyribose as the sugar. 'Cytidine' refers to the nucleoside formed by cytosine (a nitrogenous base) attached to deoxyribose. 'Monophosphate' indicates that there is one phosphate group attached to the nucleotide.
Determine the nucleic acid type: Since 'deoxycytidine monophosphate' contains deoxyribose, it is specific to DNA. RNA does not contain deoxyribose; it contains ribose instead.
Conclude the answer: Deoxycytidine monophosphate is present in DNA only, as it is a nucleotide specific to DNA due to the presence of deoxyribose.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Nucleotides
Nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. In DNA, the sugar is deoxyribose, while in RNA, it is ribose. The specific structure of nucleotides determines whether they are part of DNA or RNA, influencing their functions in genetic information storage and protein synthesis.
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Deoxycytidine Monophosphate (dCMP)
Deoxycytidine monophosphate (dCMP) is a nucleotide that contains deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate group, and the nitrogenous base cytosine. It is specifically found in DNA, as indicated by the prefix 'deoxy,' which signifies the absence of an oxygen atom on the sugar compared to ribonucleotides found in RNA. Understanding the structure of dCMP is crucial for distinguishing between DNA and RNA components.
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Differences Between DNA and RNA
DNA and RNA are both nucleic acids but differ in several key aspects, including their sugar components, structure, and function. DNA is double-stranded and contains deoxyribose, while RNA is typically single-stranded and contains ribose. These differences are fundamental for their roles in genetic information storage (DNA) and protein synthesis (RNA), making it essential to recognize which components belong to each type.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Identify each of the following as a nucleoside or a nucleotide:
b. deoxycytidine
Textbook Question
Identify each of the following as a nucleoside or a nucleotide:
d. cytidine monophosphate
Textbook Question
State whether each of the following components is present in DNA only, RNA only, or both DNA and RNA:
c. uracil
Textbook Question
In the genetic disease uridine monophosphate synthase deficiency, symptoms include anemia, cardiac malformations, and infections. Draw the condensed structural formula for uridine monophosphate.
Textbook Question
A deficiency of the enzyme adenine transferase causes a lack of adenine for purine synthesis and a high level of adenine in the urine. Draw the condensed structural formula for adenosine monophosphate.