Textbook Question
Draw the condensed structural formula for a and b and the line-angle formula for c and d:
c. 3-methylbutyramide
Ch.14 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Amines, and Amides
Timberlake14thChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9781292472249
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 Chemistry in Our Lives19
- Ch.2 Chemistry and Measurements80
- Ch.3 Matter and Energy53
- Ch.4 Atoms and Elements58
- Ch.5 Nuclear Chemistry42
- Ch.6 Ionic and Molecular Compounds57
- Ch.7 Chemical Quantities and Reactions38
- Ch.8 Gases30
- Ch.9 Solutions50
- Ch.10 Acids and Bases and Equilibrium64
- Ch.11 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Hydrocarbons77
- Ch.12 Alcohols, Thiols, Ethers, Aldehydes, and Ketones82
- Ch.13 Carbohydrates54
- Ch.14 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Amines, and Amides91
- Ch.15 Lipids61
- Ch.16 Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes84
- Ch.17 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis86
- Ch.18 Metabolic Pathways and ATP Production73
Timberlake14thChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9781292472249Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 14, Problem 46a
Draw the condensed structural or line-angle formulas for the products from the hydrolysis of each of the following amides with NaOH:
a. 
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the functional group in the amide structure. Amides consist of a carbonyl group (C=O) directly bonded to a nitrogen atom (N). Hydrolysis of an amide involves breaking the bond between the carbonyl carbon and the nitrogen atom.
Understand the reaction conditions. Hydrolysis with NaOH (a strong base) results in the formation of a carboxylate ion (R-COO⁻) and an amine (R'-NH₂ or R'-NH depending on the structure of the amide).
Determine the products of the reaction. The carbonyl carbon of the amide will form a carboxylate ion (R-COO⁻) due to the reaction with NaOH, while the nitrogen-containing group will form an amine (R'-NH₂ or R'-NH).
Draw the condensed structural formula or line-angle formula for the carboxylate ion. Replace the amide's nitrogen group with an -OH group, and then deprotonate the -OH group to form the carboxylate ion (R-COO⁻).
Draw the condensed structural formula or line-angle formula for the amine. The nitrogen group from the amide will gain a hydrogen atom to form the corresponding amine (R'-NH₂ or R'-NH). Ensure the structures are clear and follow the rules of chemical representation.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Hydrolysis of Amides
Hydrolysis of amides involves the reaction of an amide with water, often in the presence of a base like NaOH. This process breaks the amide bond, resulting in the formation of a carboxylic acid and an amine or ammonia. Understanding this reaction is crucial for predicting the products and drawing their structures.
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Acidic Hydrolysis Concept 1
Condensed Structural Formula
A condensed structural formula provides a simplified representation of a molecule, showing the arrangement of atoms without depicting all the bonds explicitly. It is useful for visualizing the molecular structure and understanding the connectivity of atoms in the products formed from hydrolysis.
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1:53Condensed Formula Concept 1
Line-Angle Formula
The line-angle formula, or skeletal structure, is a shorthand way of drawing organic molecules where vertices represent carbon atoms and lines represent bonds. This method simplifies the representation of complex molecules, making it easier to visualize the structure of the products resulting from the hydrolysis of amides.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Draw the condensed structural or line-angle formulas for the products from the hydrolysis of each of the following amides with HCl:
b.
Textbook Question
Draw the condensed structural or line-angle formulas for the products from the hydrolysis of each of the following amides with HCl:
d.
Textbook Question
Draw the condensed structural or line-angle formulas for the products from the hydrolysis of each of the following amides with NaOH:
c.
Textbook Question
Draw the condensed structural or line-angle formulas for the products from the hydrolysis of each of the following amides with NaOH:
d.
Textbook Question
Draw the condensed structural formulas and write the IUPAC names for two structural isomers of the carboxylic acids that have the molecular formula C4H8O2.