Textbook Question
Draw the condensed structural formula for the alcohol formed when each of the following is reduced by hydrogen in the presence of a nickel catalyst:
c. hexanal
Ch.12 Alcohols, Thiols, Ethers, Aldehydes, and Ketones
Timberlake14thChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9781292472249
Not the one you use?Change textbookSelect a different textbook
Table of contents
- Ch.1 Chemistry in Our Lives19
- Ch.2 Chemistry and Measurements80
- Ch.3 Matter and Energy53
- Ch.4 Atoms and Elements58
- Ch.5 Nuclear Chemistry42
- Ch.6 Ionic and Molecular Compounds57
- Ch.7 Chemical Quantities and Reactions38
- Ch.8 Gases30
- Ch.9 Solutions50
- Ch.10 Acids and Bases and Equilibrium64
- Ch.11 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Hydrocarbons77
- Ch.12 Alcohols, Thiols, Ethers, Aldehydes, and Ketones82
- Ch.13 Carbohydrates54
- Ch.14 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Amines, and Amides91
- Ch.15 Lipids61
- Ch.16 Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes84
- Ch.17 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis86
- Ch.18 Metabolic Pathways and ATP Production73
Timberlake14thChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9781292472249Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 12, Problem 34c
Draw the condensed structural formula for the alcohol formed when each of the following is reduced by hydrogen in the presence of a nickel catalyst:
c. 3-chlorocyclopentanone
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the functional group in the given compound, 3-chlorocyclopentanone. The compound contains a ketone group (C=O) attached to a cyclopentane ring and a chlorine atom at the 3rd position.
Understand the reduction process: When a ketone is reduced by hydrogen (H₂) in the presence of a nickel catalyst, the carbonyl group (C=O) is converted into a hydroxyl group (-OH), forming an alcohol.
Determine the location of the hydroxyl group: The ketone group in 3-chlorocyclopentanone is located on the cyclopentane ring. Reduction will convert this ketone group into an alcohol group (-OH) at the same position.
Account for the chlorine substituent: The chlorine atom at the 3rd position remains unchanged during the reduction process, as the reaction specifically targets the ketone group.
Write the condensed structural formula: Combine the cyclopentane ring with the hydroxyl group (-OH) replacing the ketone group and the chlorine atom at the 3rd position. The final condensed structural formula will represent the alcohol formed after reduction.
Verified video answer for a similar problem:
This video solution was recommended by our tutors as helpful for the problem above.
Was this helpful?
Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Reduction Reaction
Reduction is a chemical reaction that involves the gain of electrons or the decrease in oxidation state by a molecule, atom, or ion. In organic chemistry, this often refers to the conversion of carbonyl groups (like ketones and aldehydes) into alcohols. The process typically requires a reducing agent, such as hydrogen gas, and a catalyst, which in this case is nickel.
Recommended video:
Guided course
2:38
Reduction Reactions Concept 1
Condensed Structural Formula
A condensed structural formula is a way of representing a chemical compound that shows the arrangement of atoms in a molecule without depicting all the bonds explicitly. It provides a simplified view of the molecular structure, indicating how atoms are connected, which is particularly useful for visualizing organic compounds like alcohols derived from ketones.
Recommended video:
Guided course
1:53Condensed Formula Concept 1
Cyclopentanone
Cyclopentanone is a cyclic ketone with the molecular formula C5H8O, characterized by a five-membered ring containing a carbonyl group (C=O). When reduced, cyclopentanone can be converted into cyclopentanol, an alcohol. Understanding the structure of cyclopentanone is essential for predicting the product of its reduction and drawing the correct condensed structural formula.
Recommended video:
Guided course
3:18IUPAC Naming Concept 3
Related Practice
Textbook Question
Draw the condensed structural formula for the alcohol formed when each of the following is reduced by hydrogen in the presence of a nickel catalyst:
d. 2-methyl-3-pentanone
Textbook Question
Draw the condensed structural formula for the alcohol formed when each of the following is reduced by hydrogen in the presence of a nickel catalyst:
a. ethyl propyl ketone
Textbook Question
Oxybenzone is an effective sunscreen whose structural formula is shown.
b. What is the molecular formula and molar mass of oxybenzone?
Textbook Question
Avobenzone is a common ingredient in sunscreen. Its structural formula is shown.
a. What functional groups are in avobenzone?
Textbook Question
Avobenzone is a common ingredient in sunscreen. Its structural formula is shown.
b. What is the molecular formula and molar mass of avobenzone?