Textbook Question
Draw the condensed structural or line-angle formulas for the products from the acid- or base-catalyzed hydrolysis of each of the following:
d.
Ch.14 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Amines, and Amides
Timberlake13th EditionChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134421353
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 Chemistry in Our Lives11
- Ch.2 Chemistry and Measurements80
- Ch.3 Matter and Energy54
- Ch.4 Atoms and Elements51
- Ch.5 Nuclear Chemistry42
- Ch.6 Ionic and Molecular Compounds57
- Ch.7 Chemical Quantities and Reactions41
- Ch.8 Gases29
- Ch.9 Solutions51
- Ch.10 Acids and Bases and Equilibrium65
- Ch.11 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Hydrocarbons78
- Ch.12 Alcohols, Thiols, Ethers, Aldehydes, and Ketones83
- Ch.13 Carbohydrates54
- Ch.14 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Amines, and Amides90
- Ch.15 Lipids61
- Ch.16 Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes84
- Ch.17 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis83
- Ch.18 Metabolic Pathways and ATP Production67
Timberlake13th EditionChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134421353Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 14, Problem 31c
Draw the condensed structural formula, or line-angle formula if cyclic, for each of the following amines:
c. butylpropylamine
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the structure of the amine. Amines are organic compounds that contain a nitrogen atom bonded to one or more alkyl or aryl groups. In this case, 'butylpropylamine' indicates that the amine has a butyl group, a propyl group, and a nitrogen atom.
Step 2: Identify the butyl group. A butyl group consists of four carbon atoms arranged in a straight chain (n-butyl) or branched chain (isobutyl, sec-butyl, or tert-butyl). For simplicity, assume the straight-chain n-butyl group unless otherwise specified.
Step 3: Identify the propyl group. A propyl group consists of three carbon atoms arranged in a straight chain (n-propyl) or branched chain (isopropyl). Again, assume the straight-chain n-propyl group unless otherwise specified.
Step 4: Attach the butyl and propyl groups to the nitrogen atom. The nitrogen atom will form single bonds with both the butyl and propyl groups, making it a secondary amine (R-N-R').
Step 5: Write the condensed structural formula. Combine the butyl group, the nitrogen atom, and the propyl group into a single condensed formula. For example, the condensed formula might look like CH3CH2CH2CH2NHCH2CH2CH3. Alternatively, if the structure is cyclic, use a line-angle formula to represent the cyclic arrangement.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Amines
Amines are organic compounds derived from ammonia (NH3) by replacing one or more hydrogen atoms with alkyl or aryl groups. They can be classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary based on the number of carbon-containing groups attached to the nitrogen atom. Understanding the structure and classification of amines is essential for drawing their condensed or line-angle formulas.
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Amine Classification Example 1
Condensed Structural Formula
A condensed structural formula is a way of representing a chemical structure that shows the arrangement of atoms in a molecule without depicting all the bonds explicitly. In this format, groups of atoms are often grouped together, making it easier to visualize the molecular structure. For amines, this involves indicating the nitrogen atom and its attached alkyl groups clearly.
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Line-Angle Formula
The line-angle formula, also known as the skeletal formula, is a shorthand representation of organic molecules where vertices represent carbon atoms and lines represent bonds. This method simplifies the drawing of complex structures, especially cyclic compounds, by omitting hydrogen atoms attached to carbons. It is particularly useful for visualizing the connectivity in larger amine structures like butylpropylamine.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Write the common name for each of the following:
b.
Textbook Question
Write the common name for each of the following:
c.
1
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Textbook Question
Classify each of the following amines as primary (1°), secondary (2°), or tertiary (3°):
c
Textbook Question
Classify each of the following amines as primary (1°), secondary (2°), or tertiary (3°):
d.
Textbook Question
Classify each of the following amines as primary (1°), secondary (2°), or tertiary (3°):
c.