15. Aldehydes and Ketones

Aldosterone is a key steroid involved in controlling the sodium–potassium balance in the body. Identify the functional groups in aldosterone. <IMAGE>

Provide the systematic name for the following ketone.

Which of the following compounds represent 2,4-dimethyl-3-pentanone?

Provide the systematic name for the following cyclic ketone. 

Give common name for following ketone.

Provide common name for given ketone.

Draw a structure for a compound that meets each of the following descriptions:

A cyclic alpha-hydroxyketone, C₅H₈O₂

Redraw each of the following in line structure format. Indicate which compounds have an aldehyde carbonyl group, a ketone carbonyl group, or neither. 

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Redraw each of the following in line structure format. Indicate which compounds have an aldehyde carbonyl group, a ketone carbonyl group, or neither. 

e. CH₃CH₂COCH₂CH₃

Draw structures corresponding to the following aldehyde and ketone names:

1,1,1-Trichloro-3-pentanone

Give IUPAC names for the following aldehydes and ketones: <IMAGE>

The following names are incorrect. What is wrong with each?

1-Pentanone

Give systematic, IUPAC names for the following compounds. Redraw each in line structure format.

O

II

a. CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂

O

II

b. CH₃CH₂CCH₂CH₃

CH₃ O

I II

c. CH₃CH₂CHCH₂CH

d. Dipropyl ketone

Draw all the ketones you can with a chemical formula of C₈H₁₆O whose longest chain is eight carbons. Name each using both its IUPAC and common name.

Draw the structural formulas of the following compounds:

2-Methoxy-2-methylpropane