Textbook Question
Identify and describe the evolutionary forces that can cause allele frequencies to change from one generation to the next.
Ch. 20 - Population Genetics and Evolution at the Population, Species, and Molecular Levels
Sanders3rd EditionGenetic Analysis: An Integrated ApproachISBN: 9780135564172
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - The Molecular Basis of Heredity, Variation, and Evolution64
- Ch. 2 - Transmission Genetics144
- Ch. 3 - Cell Division and Chromosome Heredity81
- Ch. 4 - Gene Interaction87
- Ch. 5 - Genetic Linkage and Mapping in Eukaryotes103
- Ch. 6 - Genetic Analysis and Mapping in Bacteria and Bacteriophages73
- Ch. 7 - DNA Structure and Replication71
- Ch. 8 - Molecular Biology of Transcription and RNA Processing79
- Ch. 9 - The Molecular Biology of Translation110
- Ch. 10 - Eukaryotic Chromosome Abnormalities and Molecular Organization100
- Ch. 11 - Gene Mutation, DNA Repair, and Homologous Recombination86
- Ch. 12 - Regulation of Gene Expression in Bacteria and Bacteriophage90
- Ch. 13 - Regulation of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes38
- Ch. 14 - Analysis of Gene Function via Forward Genetics and Reverse Genetics72
- Ch. 15 - Recombinant DNA Technology and Its Applications69
- Ch. 16 - Genomics: Genetics from a Whole-Genome Perspective49
- Ch. 17 - Organelle Inheritance and the Evolution of Organelle Genomes27
- Ch. 18 - Developmental Genetics43
- Ch. 19 - Genetic Analysis of Quantitative Traits66
- Ch. 20 - Population Genetics and Evolution at the Population, Species, and Molecular Levels105
Sanders3rd EditionGenetic Analysis: An Integrated ApproachISBN: 9780135564172Not the one you use?Change textbook
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Sanders 3rd EditionCh. 20 - Population Genetics and Evolution at the Population, Species, and Molecular LevelsProblem D.3
Sanders 3rd EditionCh. 20 - Population Genetics and Evolution at the Population, Species, and Molecular LevelsProblem D.3Chapter 20, Problem D.3
What lines of evidence support the hypothesis that modern humans evolved in Africa and then subsequently migrated throughout the globe?
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Understand the hypothesis: Modern humans evolved in Africa and then migrated globally, known as the 'Out of Africa' model.
Examine fossil evidence: Identify the oldest anatomically modern human fossils found in Africa, which are older than those found elsewhere, supporting an African origin.
Analyze genetic evidence: Study mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and Y-chromosome data showing greater genetic diversity in African populations, indicating a longer evolutionary history there.
Consider archaeological evidence: Look at the distribution and age of stone tools and cultural artifacts that trace human technological development starting in Africa.
Review patterns of genetic variation worldwide: Observe that non-African populations have subsets of African genetic diversity, consistent with migration out of Africa and subsequent population bottlenecks.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Fossil Evidence
Fossil evidence includes ancient human remains found primarily in Africa that show a gradual evolution of modern human traits. These fossils, dated using various methods, provide a timeline supporting Africa as the origin of Homo sapiens before their migration to other continents.
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Genetic Evidence
Genetic studies, especially analyses of mitochondrial DNA and Y-chromosome markers, reveal that the greatest genetic diversity exists in African populations. This suggests a longer evolutionary history in Africa, supporting the 'Out of Africa' model of human migration.
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Archaeological Evidence
Archaeological findings, such as early tools and cultural artifacts, trace the development of modern human behavior in Africa. The spread of similar technologies and cultural practices to other regions aligns with the migration of humans out of Africa.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
In a population, what is the consequence of inbreeding? Does inbreeding change allele frequencies? What is the effect of inbreeding with regard to rare recessive alleles in a population?
Textbook Question
What insights have analyses of human mitochondrial DNA provided into our recent evolutionary past?
Textbook Question
Describe how natural selection can produce balanced polymorphism of allele frequencies through selection that favors heterozygotes.
Textbook Question
Discuss how both gains and losses of regulatory elements may lead to human-specific traits.
Textbook Question
Thinking creatively about evolutionary mechanisms, identify at least two schemes that could generate allelic polymorphism in a population. Do not include the processes described in the answer to Problem 4.
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