Specify what ions are present in solution upon dissolving each of the following substances in water: c. (NH4)2SO4

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Identify the compound: (NH_4)_2SO_4 is ammonium sulfate.

Determine the ions formed: Ammonium sulfate dissociates into ammonium ions (NH_4^+) and sulfate ions (SO_4^{2-}) in water.

Write the dissociation equation: (NH_4)_2SO_4 (s) \rightarrow 2 NH_4^+ (aq) + SO_4^{2-} (aq).

Count the ions: For each formula unit of ammonium sulfate, two ammonium ions and one sulfate ion are produced.

Conclude the ions present: The solution contains NH_4^+ and SO_4^{2-} ions.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Dissociation of Ionic Compounds

When ionic compounds dissolve in water, they dissociate into their constituent ions. This process occurs because the polar water molecules surround and separate the individual ions, allowing them to move freely in solution. Understanding this concept is crucial for predicting the ions present when a compound like ammonium sulfate is dissolved.

Ammonium Ion (NH4+)

The ammonium ion (NH4+) is a positively charged polyatomic ion formed when ammonia (NH3) accepts a proton (H+). In the context of (NH4)2SO4, each formula unit produces two ammonium ions upon dissociation, which are essential for understanding the overall ionic composition of the solution.

Sulfate Ion (SO4^2-)

The sulfate ion (SO4^2-) is a negatively charged polyatomic ion that consists of one sulfur atom surrounded by four oxygen atoms. It carries a -2 charge and is a key component of many salts, including ammonium sulfate. Recognizing the presence of sulfate ions in solution is vital for determining the complete ionic makeup when (NH4)2SO4 is dissolved in water.

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