Textbook Question
Specify what ions are present in solution upon dissolving each of the following substances in water: c. (NH4)2SO4
Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution
Chapter 4, Problem 18c
Specify what ions are present upon dissolving each of the following substances in water: (c) HClO4
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Identify the compound given: HClO4 is perchloric acid, a strong acid.
Recognize that strong acids completely dissociate into their ions in water.
Write the dissociation equation for HClO4 in water: HClO4 → H+ + ClO4−.
Identify the ions formed: H+ (hydrogen ion) and ClO4− (perchlorate ion).
Conclude that the ions present in the solution after dissolving HClO4 in water are H+ and ClO4−.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Strong Acids
Strong acids are substances that completely dissociate into their ions in aqueous solution. This means that when a strong acid is dissolved in water, it releases all of its hydrogen ions (H+) into the solution, resulting in a high concentration of H+ ions. HClO4, or perchloric acid, is classified as a strong acid, which is crucial for understanding the ions produced when it dissolves in water.
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Dissociation of Acids
Dissociation refers to the process by which an acid separates into its constituent ions when dissolved in water. For HClO4, the dissociation can be represented by the equation HClO4 → H+ + ClO4-. This reaction illustrates how the acid breaks apart to form hydrogen ions and perchlorate ions, which are essential for determining the chemical behavior of the solution.
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Ionic Compounds in Solution
When ionic compounds dissolve in water, they separate into their individual ions, which can conduct electricity and participate in chemical reactions. In the case of HClO4, the resulting ions, H+ and ClO4-, are free to move in the solution, affecting the solution's pH and reactivity. Understanding this concept is vital for predicting the properties of solutions formed from acids and their behavior in chemical reactions.
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Related Practice
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Specify what ions are present upon dissolving each of the following substances in water: (d) NaCH3COO
Textbook Question
Formic acid, HCOOH, is a weak electrolyte. What solutes are present in an aqueous solution of this compound?
Textbook Question
Formic acid, HCOOH, is a weak electrolyte. Write the chemical equation for the ionization of HCOOH.