Which of the following is not an effect of aldosterone?


a. Increased excretion of hydrogen ions from the fluid in the kidneys
b. Increased retention of sodium ions from the fluid in the kidneys
c. Increased retention of potassium ions from the fluid in the kidneys
d. Increased retention of water from the fluid in the kidneys

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

b. Thyroxine (T4) is the more active of the two thyroid hormone

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

d. Iodine atoms are a key component of parathyroid hormone.

Fill in the blanks: A rise in free T3 and T4 would be expected to produce a(n)______ in TRH and TSH secretion. A decrease in free T3 and T4 would be expected to produce a(n)_____in TRH and TSH secretion.

Which of the following statements correctly describes the role of parathyroid hormone?

a. Parathyroid hormone regulates the metabolic rate.

b. Parathyroid hormone increases the blood calcium ion concentration.

c. Parathyroid hormone decreases the blood sodium ion concentration.

d. Parathyroid hormone causes water retention by the kidneys.

Cortisol is:

a. a potent inhibitor of the inflammatory response.

b. an important part of the stress response.

c. Both a and b are correct.

d. Neither a nor b is correct.

Which of the following hormones is not an integral part of the stress response?

a. Epinephrine

b. Cortisol

c. Insulin

d. Glucagon

Explain how insulin and glucagon are antagonists.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is characterized by______ , and type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by_____.

a. hypoglycemia; destruction of the pancreatic β cells

b. destruction of the pancreatic β cells; destruction of the pancreatic α cells

c. insulin resistance; destruction of the pancreatic β cells

d. destruction of the pancreatic β cells; insulin resistance