Cortisol is:


a. a potent inhibitor of the inflammatory response.
b. an important part of the stress response.
c. Both a and b are correct.
d. Neither a nor b is correct.

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

d. Iodine atoms are a key component of parathyroid hormone.

Fill in the blanks: A rise in free T3 and T4 would be expected to produce a(n)______ in TRH and TSH secretion. A decrease in free T3 and T4 would be expected to produce a(n)_____in TRH and TSH secretion.

Which of the following statements correctly describes the role of parathyroid hormone?

a. Parathyroid hormone regulates the metabolic rate.

b. Parathyroid hormone increases the blood calcium ion concentration.

c. Parathyroid hormone decreases the blood sodium ion concentration.

d. Parathyroid hormone causes water retention by the kidneys.

Which of the following is not an effect of aldosterone?

a. Increased excretion of hydrogen ions from the fluid in the kidneys

b. Increased retention of sodium ions from the fluid in the kidneys

c. Increased retention of potassium ions from the fluid in the kidneys

d. Increased retention of water from the fluid in the kidneys

Which of the following hormones is not an integral part of the stress response?

a. Epinephrine

b. Cortisol

c. Insulin

d. Glucagon

Explain how insulin and glucagon are antagonists.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is characterized by______ , and type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by_____.

a. hypoglycemia; destruction of the pancreatic β cells

b. destruction of the pancreatic β cells; destruction of the pancreatic α cells

c. insulin resistance; destruction of the pancreatic β cells

d. destruction of the pancreatic β cells; insulin resistance

Match the following hormones with their correct descriptions.      

_____Leptin      

_____Atrial natriuretic peptide      

_____Melatonin      

_____Estrogens      

_____Erythropoietin      

_____Testosterone

a. Produced by the pineal gland; regulates the sleep/wake cycle

b. Produced by the kidneys; regulates red blood cell production

c. Produced by the heart; promotes sodium ion loss in the kidneys and vasodilation

d. Produced by the testes; promotes androgenic and anabolic actions

e. Produced by adipose tissue; promotes satiety

f. Produced by the ovaries; regulate the menstrual cycle and the development of secondary sex characteristics