Multiple Choice
The most abundant cation in extracellular fluid is potassium.
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance
Electrolyte Balance
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The condition in which sodium levels are too low is referred to as __________.
A
aldosteronism
B
hypernatremia
C
Cushing's syndrome
D
hyponatremia
E
hypokalemia
Verified step by step guidance1
Begin by understanding the key terms related to sodium levels in the body. Sodium is an essential electrolyte that helps regulate water balance and is crucial for nerve and muscle function.
Identify the condition associated with low sodium levels. The term 'natremia' refers to sodium concentration in the blood. 'Hypo-' is a prefix meaning 'low' or 'under'. Therefore, 'hyponatremia' is the term for low sodium levels.
Review the other options provided to ensure understanding: 'Aldosteronism' is related to excess aldosterone, affecting sodium and potassium balance; 'Hypernatremia' refers to high sodium levels; 'Cushing's syndrome' involves excess cortisol; 'Hypokalemia' refers to low potassium levels.
Recognize that 'hyponatremia' is the correct term for the condition where sodium levels are too low, based on the prefix and suffix used in medical terminology.
Conclude by reinforcing the importance of understanding medical prefixes and suffixes, as they help in identifying and understanding various conditions related to electrolyte imbalances.
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