Textbook Question
Write the balanced chemical equation for the dissociation of each of the following carboxylic acids in water:
a. pentanoic acid
Ch.14 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Amines, and Amides
Timberlake14thChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9781292472249
Not the one you use?Change textbookSelect a different textbook
Table of contents
- Ch.1 Chemistry in Our Lives19
- Ch.2 Chemistry and Measurements80
- Ch.3 Matter and Energy53
- Ch.4 Atoms and Elements58
- Ch.5 Nuclear Chemistry42
- Ch.6 Ionic and Molecular Compounds57
- Ch.7 Chemical Quantities and Reactions38
- Ch.8 Gases30
- Ch.9 Solutions50
- Ch.10 Acids and Bases and Equilibrium64
- Ch.11 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Hydrocarbons77
- Ch.12 Alcohols, Thiols, Ethers, Aldehydes, and Ketones82
- Ch.13 Carbohydrates54
- Ch.14 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Amines, and Amides91
- Ch.15 Lipids61
- Ch.16 Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes84
- Ch.17 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis86
- Ch.18 Metabolic Pathways and ATP Production73
Timberlake14thChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9781292472249Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 14, Problem 12b
Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction of each of the following carboxylic acids with KOH:
b. 2-methylbutanoic acid
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the chemical formula of 2-methylbutanoic acid. The structure consists of a carboxylic acid group (-COOH) attached to a 2-methylbutane backbone. Its molecular formula is C5H10O2.
Write the general reaction for a carboxylic acid reacting with a base (KOH). Carboxylic acids react with bases to form water and a salt. The reaction can be expressed as: \( \text{R-COOH} + \text{KOH} \rightarrow \text{R-COOK} + \text{H}_2\text{O} \).
Substitute the specific formula of 2-methylbutanoic acid (C5H10O2) into the reaction. The carboxylic acid group reacts with KOH to form potassium 2-methylbutanoate (C5H9O2K) and water (H2O).
Ensure the equation is balanced. Verify that the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides of the equation. For this reaction, the equation is already balanced as written.
Write the final balanced chemical equation: \( \text{C}_5\text{H}_{10}\text{O}_2 + \text{KOH} \rightarrow \text{C}_5\text{H}_9\text{O}_2\text{K} + \text{H}_2\text{O} \).
Verified video answer for a similar problem:
This video solution was recommended by our tutors as helpful for the problem above.
Video duration:
2mWas this helpful?
Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Carboxylic Acids
Carboxylic acids are organic compounds characterized by the presence of one or more carboxyl groups (-COOH). They are known for their acidic properties due to the ability of the carboxyl group to donate a proton (H+) in solution. Understanding the structure and reactivity of carboxylic acids is essential for predicting their behavior in chemical reactions, such as neutralization with bases like KOH.
Recommended video:
Guided course
1:09
Carboxylic Acid Reactions Example 1
Neutralization Reaction
A neutralization reaction occurs when an acid reacts with a base to produce water and a salt. In this context, the carboxylic acid (2-methylbutanoic acid) reacts with potassium hydroxide (KOH), a strong base, resulting in the formation of potassium 2-methylbutanoate and water. This concept is fundamental for balancing chemical equations, as it involves understanding the stoichiometry of the reactants and products.
Recommended video:
Guided course
00:37Lewis Dot Structures: Neutral Compounds (Simplified) Concept 1
Balancing Chemical Equations
Balancing chemical equations is the process of ensuring that the number of atoms for each element is the same on both sides of the equation. This is crucial for accurately representing the conservation of mass in a chemical reaction. In the case of the reaction between 2-methylbutanoic acid and KOH, one must account for all atoms involved to write a correct and balanced equation, reflecting the stoichiometric relationships between reactants and products.
Recommended video:
Guided course
01:32Balancing Chemical Equations (Simplified) Concept 1
Related Practice
Textbook Question
Write the balanced chemical equation for the dissociation of each of the following carboxylic acids in water:
b. butanoic acid
Textbook Question
Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction of each of the following carboxylic acids with NaOH:
c. benzoic acid
Textbook Question
Write the IUPAC and common names, if any, of the carboxylate salts produced in problem 14.11
a. formic acid
b. 3-chloropropanoic acid
c. benzoic acid
Textbook Question
Write the IUPAC and common names, if any, of the carboxylate salts produced in problem 14.12
a. acetic acid
b. 2-methylbutanoic acid
c. 4-chlorobenzoic acid
Textbook Question
Draw the condensed structural formula for the ester formed when each of the following reacts with methyl alcohol:
b. pentanoic acid