Textbook Question
Why are there at least 20 different tRNAs?
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Ch.17 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis
Timberlake13th EditionChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134421353
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 Chemistry in Our Lives11
- Ch.2 Chemistry and Measurements80
- Ch.3 Matter and Energy54
- Ch.4 Atoms and Elements51
- Ch.5 Nuclear Chemistry42
- Ch.6 Ionic and Molecular Compounds57
- Ch.7 Chemical Quantities and Reactions41
- Ch.8 Gases29
- Ch.9 Solutions51
- Ch.10 Acids and Bases and Equilibrium65
- Ch.11 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Hydrocarbons78
- Ch.12 Alcohols, Thiols, Ethers, Aldehydes, and Ketones83
- Ch.13 Carbohydrates54
- Ch.14 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Amines, and Amides90
- Ch.15 Lipids61
- Ch.16 Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes84
- Ch.17 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis83
- Ch.18 Metabolic Pathways and ATP Production67
Timberlake13th EditionChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134421353Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 17, Problem 51a
Use three-letter and one-letter abbreviations to write the amino acid sequence for the peptide from each of the following mRNA sequences:
a. ACC ACA ACU
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the codons in the given mRNA sequence. Codons are groups of three nucleotides. For the sequence 'ACC ACA ACU', the codons are: ACC, ACA, and ACU.
Use the genetic code table to determine the amino acid corresponding to each codon. For example, ACC codes for threonine (Thr), ACA also codes for threonine (Thr), and ACU again codes for threonine (Thr).
Write the amino acid sequence using the three-letter abbreviations. Based on the codons, the sequence is: Thr-Thr-Thr.
Convert the three-letter abbreviations into one-letter abbreviations. For threonine (Thr), the one-letter abbreviation is 'T'. Therefore, the sequence in one-letter abbreviations is: TTT.
Double-check the sequence to ensure that the codons were correctly translated into their corresponding amino acids and that the abbreviations are accurate.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
mRNA Translation
mRNA translation is the process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins based on the sequence of nucleotides in messenger RNA (mRNA). Each set of three nucleotides, known as a codon, corresponds to a specific amino acid. Understanding this process is crucial for determining the amino acid sequence from an mRNA sequence.
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Introduction to Translation Concept 1
Amino Acid Codons
Amino acids are encoded by specific codons in the genetic code, which consists of 64 possible codons derived from the four nucleotides (A, U, C, G). Each codon corresponds to one of the 20 standard amino acids or a stop signal. Familiarity with the codon table is essential for translating mRNA sequences into their respective amino acid sequences.
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3:03Amino Acid Catabolism: Amino Group Example 2
Amino Acid Abbreviations
Amino acids can be represented by one-letter or three-letter abbreviations, which are standardized for ease of communication in biochemistry. For example, alanine is represented as 'A' (one-letter) and 'Ala' (three-letter). Knowing these abbreviations is important for accurately writing and interpreting peptide sequences derived from mRNA.
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3:03Amino Acid Catabolism: Amino Group Example 2
Related Practice
Textbook Question
What are the three steps of translation?
Textbook Question
Where does protein synthesis take place?
Textbook Question
Use three-letter and one-letter abbreviations to write the amino acid sequence for the peptide from each of the following mRNA sequences:
c. UAC GGG AGA UGU
Textbook Question
Use three-letter and one-letter abbreviations to write the amino acid sequence for the peptide from each of the following mRNA sequences:
c. AUG CAC AAG GAA GUA CUG
Textbook Question
The following sequence is a portion of the DNA template strand: TGT GGG GTT ATT
b. What are the anticodons of the tRNAs?