Textbook Question
What are the three steps of translation?
Ch.17 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis
Timberlake13th EditionChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134421353
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 Chemistry in Our Lives11
- Ch.2 Chemistry and Measurements80
- Ch.3 Matter and Energy54
- Ch.4 Atoms and Elements51
- Ch.5 Nuclear Chemistry42
- Ch.6 Ionic and Molecular Compounds57
- Ch.7 Chemical Quantities and Reactions41
- Ch.8 Gases29
- Ch.9 Solutions51
- Ch.10 Acids and Bases and Equilibrium65
- Ch.11 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Hydrocarbons78
- Ch.12 Alcohols, Thiols, Ethers, Aldehydes, and Ketones83
- Ch.13 Carbohydrates54
- Ch.14 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Amines, and Amides90
- Ch.15 Lipids61
- Ch.16 Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes84
- Ch.17 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis83
- Ch.18 Metabolic Pathways and ATP Production67
Timberlake13th EditionChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134421353Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 17, Problem 51c
Use three-letter and one-letter abbreviations to write the amino acid sequence for the peptide from each of the following mRNA sequences:
c. UAC GGG AGA UGU
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the problem. The task is to determine the amino acid sequence of a peptide from the given mRNA sequence. This involves translating the mRNA codons into their corresponding amino acids using the genetic code table.
Step 2: Break the mRNA sequence into codons. The given mRNA sequence is 'UAC GGG AGA UGU'. Group the sequence into codons (sets of three nucleotides): UAC, GGG, AGA, UGU.
Step 3: Use the genetic code table to translate each codon into its corresponding amino acid. For example: UAC codes for Tyrosine (Tyr), GGG codes for Glycine (Gly), AGA codes for Arginine (Arg), and UGU codes for Cysteine (Cys).
Step 4: Write the amino acid sequence using three-letter abbreviations. Combine the amino acids in the order they appear: Tyr-Gly-Arg-Cys.
Step 5: Write the amino acid sequence using one-letter abbreviations. Convert the three-letter abbreviations into their one-letter equivalents: Y-G-R-C.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
mRNA Translation
mRNA translation is the process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins based on the sequence of nucleotides in messenger RNA (mRNA). Each set of three nucleotides, known as a codon, corresponds to a specific amino acid. Understanding this process is crucial for converting mRNA sequences into amino acid sequences.
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1:42
Introduction to Translation Concept 1
Amino Acid Abbreviations
Amino acids can be represented by one-letter or three-letter abbreviations, which are standardized codes used in biochemistry. For example, the amino acid leucine is represented as 'L' (one-letter) and 'Leu' (three-letter). Familiarity with these abbreviations is essential for accurately writing and interpreting peptide sequences.
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3:03Amino Acid Catabolism: Amino Group Example 2
Codon Chart
A codon chart is a reference tool that shows the relationship between mRNA codons and their corresponding amino acids. By using this chart, one can determine which amino acids are encoded by specific mRNA sequences. This is vital for translating the given mRNA sequence into the correct amino acid sequence.
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1:41Translation: Protein Synthesis Example 2
Related Practice
Textbook Question
Where does protein synthesis take place?
Textbook Question
Use three-letter and one-letter abbreviations to write the amino acid sequence for the peptide from each of the following mRNA sequences:
a. ACC ACA ACU
Textbook Question
Use three-letter and one-letter abbreviations to write the amino acid sequence for the peptide from each of the following mRNA sequences:
c. AUG CAC AAG GAA GUA CUG
Textbook Question
The following sequence is a portion of the DNA template strand: TGT GGG GTT ATT
b. What are the anticodons of the tRNAs?
Textbook Question
The following is a segment of the DNA template that codes for human insulin: TTT GTG AAC CAA CAC CTG
b. Write the three-letter and one-letter abbreviations for this corresponding peptide segment.