Textbook Question
Describe and give an example (real or hypothetical) of each of the following:
Insulator sequence action
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Ch. 13 - Regulation of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes
Sanders3rd EditionGenetic Analysis: An Integrated ApproachISBN: 9780135564172
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - The Molecular Basis of Heredity, Variation, and Evolution64
- Ch. 2 - Transmission Genetics144
- Ch. 3 - Cell Division and Chromosome Heredity81
- Ch. 4 - Gene Interaction87
- Ch. 5 - Genetic Linkage and Mapping in Eukaryotes103
- Ch. 6 - Genetic Analysis and Mapping in Bacteria and Bacteriophages73
- Ch. 7 - DNA Structure and Replication71
- Ch. 8 - Molecular Biology of Transcription and RNA Processing79
- Ch. 9 - The Molecular Biology of Translation110
- Ch. 10 - Eukaryotic Chromosome Abnormalities and Molecular Organization100
- Ch. 11 - Gene Mutation, DNA Repair, and Homologous Recombination86
- Ch. 12 - Regulation of Gene Expression in Bacteria and Bacteriophage90
- Ch. 13 - Regulation of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes38
- Ch. 14 - Analysis of Gene Function via Forward Genetics and Reverse Genetics72
- Ch. 15 - Recombinant DNA Technology and Its Applications69
- Ch. 16 - Genomics: Genetics from a Whole-Genome Perspective49
- Ch. 17 - Organelle Inheritance and the Evolution of Organelle Genomes27
- Ch. 18 - Developmental Genetics43
- Ch. 19 - Genetic Analysis of Quantitative Traits66
- Ch. 20 - Population Genetics and Evolution at the Population, Species, and Molecular Levels105
Sanders3rd EditionGenetic Analysis: An Integrated ApproachISBN: 9780135564172Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 13, Problem 1d
Devoting a few sentences to each, describe the following structures or complexes and their effects on eukaryotic gene expression:
RISC
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Understand that RISC stands for RNA-Induced Silencing Complex, which is a key player in the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway, a mechanism for regulating gene expression in eukaryotic cells.
Learn that RISC is formed when a small RNA molecule, such as a microRNA (miRNA) or small interfering RNA (siRNA), binds to the Argonaute protein, which is the core component of the complex.
Recognize that the small RNA within RISC serves as a guide by base-pairing with complementary sequences in target messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules.
Understand that once RISC binds to its target mRNA, it can either degrade the mRNA or inhibit its translation, depending on the degree of complementarity between the small RNA and the mRNA.
Conclude that the overall effect of RISC on eukaryotic gene expression is to reduce or silence the expression of specific genes, making it a critical tool for post-transcriptional gene regulation.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
RNA-Induced Silencing Complex (RISC)
RISC is a multi-protein complex that plays a crucial role in RNA interference (RNAi), a biological process that regulates gene expression. It incorporates small RNA molecules, such as microRNAs (miRNAs) or small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), which guide the complex to complementary mRNA targets. Once bound, RISC can either degrade the mRNA or inhibit its translation, effectively silencing the gene associated with that mRNA.
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MicroRNAs (miRNAs)
MicroRNAs are short, non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression by binding to complementary sequences in target mRNAs. They are processed from longer precursor molecules and play a significant role in post-transcriptional regulation. By influencing mRNA stability and translation, miRNAs can modulate various biological processes, including development, differentiation, and response to stress.
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RNA Interference
Gene Silencing
Gene silencing refers to the process by which the expression of a gene is inhibited or completely turned off. This can occur through various mechanisms, including RNA interference, where RISC and small RNAs target specific mRNAs for degradation or translational repression. Gene silencing is essential for regulating gene expression in response to environmental changes and maintaining cellular homeostasis.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Devoting a few sentences to each, describe the following structures or complexes and their effects on eukaryotic gene expression:
Promoter
Textbook Question
Devoting a few sentences to each, describe the following structures or complexes and their effects on eukaryotic gene expression:
Enhancer
Textbook Question
Devoting a few sentences to each, describe the following structures or complexes and their effects on eukaryotic gene expression:
Silencer
Textbook Question
Devoting a few sentences to each, describe the following structures or complexes and their effects on eukaryotic gene expression:
Dicer
Textbook Question
Describe and give an example (real or hypothetical) of each of the following:
Upstream activator sequence (UAS)
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