Multiple Choice
Only one copy of a protein can be synthesized at one time.
5. DNA to RNA to Protein
Translation
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Elongation factors get the energy to elongate the polypeptide chain through which of the following processes?
A
ATP hydrolysis
B
Break down of H2O
C
Formation of H2O
D
GTP hydrolysis
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the role of elongation factors in protein synthesis. They are crucial for the elongation phase of translation, where amino acids are added to the growing polypeptide chain.
Recognize that energy is required for the elongation process, specifically for the translocation of the ribosome along the mRNA and the binding of tRNA to the ribosome.
Identify the source of energy for elongation factors. In the context of translation, GTP (guanosine triphosphate) is the molecule that provides the necessary energy.
Learn that GTP hydrolysis involves the conversion of GTP to GDP (guanosine diphosphate) and an inorganic phosphate, releasing energy that is used by elongation factors.
Conclude that the energy for elongation factors to elongate the polypeptide chain is derived from GTP hydrolysis, not ATP hydrolysis or water-related processes.
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