Textbook Question
Complete the following table:
Ch. 17 - Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein
Urry12th EditionCampbell BiologyISBN: 9785794169850
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry8
- Ch. 2 - The Chemical Context of Life8
- Ch. 3 - Water and Life6
- Ch. 4 - Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life9
- Ch. 5 - The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules9
- Ch. 6 - A Tour of the Cell6
- Ch. 7 - Membrane Structure and Function6
- Ch. 8 - An Introduction to Metabolism6
- Ch. 9 - Cellular Respiration and Fermentation10
- Ch. 10 - Photosynthesis7
- Ch. 11 - Cell Communication7
- Ch. 12 - The Cell Cycle11
- Ch. 13 - Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles10
- Ch. 14 - Mendel and the Gene Idea14
- Ch, 15 - The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance6
- Ch. 16 - The Molecular Basis of Inheritance9
- Ch. 17 - Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein9
- Ch. 18 - Regulation of Gene Expression10
- Ch. 19 - Viruses6
- Ch. 20 - DNA Tools and Biotechnology7
- Ch. 21 - Genomes and Their Evolution8
- Ch. 22 - Descent with Modification: A Darwininan View of Life6
- Ch. 23 - The Evolution of Populations5
- Ch. 24 - The Origin of Species6
- Ch. 25 - The History of Life on Earth8
- Ch. 26 - Phylogeny and the Tree of Life8
- Ch. 27 - Bacteria and Archaea6
- Ch. 28 - Protists7
- Ch. 29 - Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land7
- Ch. 30 - Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants6
- Ch. 31 - Fungi5
- Ch. 32 - An Overview of Animal Diversity4
- Ch. 33 - An introduction to Invertebrates6
- Ch. 34 - The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates7
- Ch. 35 - Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development10
- Ch. 36 - Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants8
- Ch. 37 - Soil and Plant Nutrition11
- Ch. 38 - Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology8
- Ch. 39 - Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals8
- Ch. 40 - Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function8
- Ch. 41 - Animal Nutrition7
- Ch. 42 - Circulation and Gas Exchange7
- Ch. 43 - The Immune System5
- Ch. 44 - Osmoregulation and Excretion6
- Ch. 45 - Hormones and the Endocrine System8
- Ch. 46 - Animal Reproduction9
- Ch. 47 - Animal Development8
- Ch. 48 - Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling6
- Ch. 49 - Nervous Systems8
- Ch. 50 - Sensory and Motor Mechanisms5
- Ch. 51 Animal Behavior6
- Ch. 52 - An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere7
- Ch. 53 - Population Ecology9
- Ch. 54 - Community Ecology9
- Ch. 55 - Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology8
- Ch. 56 - Conservation Biology and Global Change6
Chapter 17, Problem 6
Using Figure 17.6, identify a 5′→3′ sequence of nucleotides in the DNA template strand for an mRNA coding for the polypeptide sequence Phe-Pro-Lys.
a. 5′-UUUCCCAAA-3′
b. 5′-GAACCCCTT-3′
c. 5′-CTTCGGGAA-3′
d. 5′-AAACCCUUU-3′
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that the problem requires identifying the DNA template strand sequence that would result in an mRNA coding for the polypeptide sequence Phe-Pro-Lys.
Recall that the mRNA sequence is complementary to the DNA template strand and is synthesized in the 5′ to 3′ direction. The DNA template strand is read in the 3′ to 5′ direction.
Identify the mRNA codons for the amino acids: Phe (Phenylalanine) is coded by UUU or UUC, Pro (Proline) is coded by CCU, CCC, CCA, or CCG, and Lys (Lysine) is coded by AAA or AAG.
Construct the mRNA sequence from the given polypeptide sequence: Phe-Pro-Lys could be coded by the mRNA sequence 5′-UUUCCCAAA-3′.
Determine the complementary DNA template strand sequence by replacing each mRNA nucleotide with its complementary DNA base: A (adenine) with T (thymine), U (uracil) with A, C (cytosine) with G (guanine), and G with C. The complementary DNA sequence for the mRNA 5′-UUUCCCAAA-3′ is 3′-AAAGGGTTT-5′, which corresponds to the 5′-TTTGGGAAA-3′ when written in the 5′ to 3′ direction.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
DNA Template Strand
The DNA template strand is the sequence of DNA that is used as a template for RNA synthesis during transcription. It is complementary to the mRNA strand, meaning that the mRNA is synthesized in the 5′ to 3′ direction using the template strand's 3′ to 5′ sequence. Understanding this concept is crucial for determining the correct nucleotide sequence that codes for a specific polypeptide.
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05:15
Leading & Lagging DNA Strands
Codon and Anticodon
A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides on mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid or stop signal during protein synthesis. The anticodon is the complementary sequence on tRNA that pairs with the mRNA codon during translation. Recognizing codon sequences for amino acids like Phe, Pro, and Lys is essential for identifying the correct DNA template sequence.
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07:20Introduction to Types of RNA
Transcription and Translation
Transcription is the process of synthesizing mRNA from a DNA template, while translation is the process of decoding mRNA to build a polypeptide chain. These processes involve converting nucleotide sequences into amino acid sequences, which is fundamental for understanding how a DNA sequence can code for a specific polypeptide sequence like Phe-Pro-Lys.
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04:07Review of Transcription vs. Translation
Related Practice
Textbook Question
The anticodon of a particular tRNA molecule is
a. Complementary to the corresponding mRNA codon
b. Complementary to the corresponding triplet in rRNA
c. The part of tRNA that bonds to a specific amino acid
d. Catalytic, making the tRNA a ribozyme
Textbook Question
Which of the following is true of RNA processing? (A) Exons are cut out before mRNA leaves the nucleus. (B) Nucleotides are added at both ends of the RNA. (C) Ribozymes may function in the addition of a 5′ cap. (D) RNA splicing adds a poly-A tail to the mRNA.
Textbook Question
Which component is directly involved in translation?
A. RNA polymerase
B. ribosome
C. spliceosome
D. DNA
Textbook Question
Which of the following mutations would be most likely to have a harmful effect on an organism?
a. A deletion of three nucleotides near the middle of a gene
b. A single nucleotide deletion in the middle of an intron
c. A single nucleotide deletion near the end of the coding sequence
d. A single nucleotide insertion downstream of, and close to, the start of the coding sequence
Textbook Question
Would the coupling of the processes shown in Figure 17.24 be found in a eukaryotic cell? Explain why or why not.
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