Textbook Question
Which of the following is true of a codon?
a. It never codes for the same amino acid as another codon.
b. It can code for more than one amino acid.
c. It can be either in DNA or in RNA
d. It is the basic unit of protein structure
Ch. 17 - Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein
Urry12th EditionCampbell BiologyISBN: 9785794169850
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry8
- Ch. 2 - The Chemical Context of Life8
- Ch. 3 - Water and Life6
- Ch. 4 - Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life9
- Ch. 5 - The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules9
- Ch. 6 - A Tour of the Cell6
- Ch. 7 - Membrane Structure and Function6
- Ch. 8 - An Introduction to Metabolism6
- Ch. 9 - Cellular Respiration and Fermentation10
- Ch. 10 - Photosynthesis7
- Ch. 11 - Cell Communication7
- Ch. 12 - The Cell Cycle11
- Ch. 13 - Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles10
- Ch. 14 - Mendel and the Gene Idea14
- Ch, 15 - The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance6
- Ch. 16 - The Molecular Basis of Inheritance9
- Ch. 17 - Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein9
- Ch. 18 - Regulation of Gene Expression10
- Ch. 19 - Viruses6
- Ch. 20 - DNA Tools and Biotechnology7
- Ch. 21 - Genomes and Their Evolution8
- Ch. 22 - Descent with Modification: A Darwininan View of Life6
- Ch. 23 - The Evolution of Populations5
- Ch. 24 - The Origin of Species6
- Ch. 25 - The History of Life on Earth8
- Ch. 26 - Phylogeny and the Tree of Life8
- Ch. 27 - Bacteria and Archaea6
- Ch. 28 - Protists7
- Ch. 29 - Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land7
- Ch. 30 - Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants6
- Ch. 31 - Fungi5
- Ch. 32 - An Overview of Animal Diversity4
- Ch. 33 - An introduction to Invertebrates6
- Ch. 34 - The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates7
- Ch. 35 - Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development10
- Ch. 36 - Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants8
- Ch. 37 - Soil and Plant Nutrition11
- Ch. 38 - Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology8
- Ch. 39 - Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals8
- Ch. 40 - Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function8
- Ch. 41 - Animal Nutrition7
- Ch. 42 - Circulation and Gas Exchange7
- Ch. 43 - The Immune System5
- Ch. 44 - Osmoregulation and Excretion6
- Ch. 45 - Hormones and the Endocrine System8
- Ch. 46 - Animal Reproduction9
- Ch. 47 - Animal Development8
- Ch. 48 - Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling6
- Ch. 49 - Nervous Systems8
- Ch. 50 - Sensory and Motor Mechanisms5
- Ch. 51 Animal Behavior6
- Ch. 52 - An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere7
- Ch. 53 - Population Ecology9
- Ch. 54 - Community Ecology9
- Ch. 55 - Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology8
- Ch. 56 - Conservation Biology and Global Change6
Chapter 17, Problem 3
The anticodon of a particular tRNA molecule is
a. Complementary to the corresponding mRNA codon
b. Complementary to the corresponding triplet in rRNA
c. The part of tRNA that bonds to a specific amino acid
d. Catalytic, making the tRNA a ribozyme
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the role of tRNA in protein synthesis: tRNA molecules are responsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosome during translation, matching them with the correct mRNA codons.
Identify the structure of tRNA: tRNA has an anticodon region that is crucial for its function. This anticodon is a sequence of three nucleotides.
Recognize the relationship between anticodon and mRNA codon: The anticodon of tRNA is complementary to the mRNA codon, meaning it pairs with the mRNA sequence during translation.
Clarify the function of the anticodon: The anticodon ensures that the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain by matching with the mRNA codon.
Evaluate the options given in the problem: Based on the understanding of tRNA and its anticodon, determine which option correctly describes the anticodon as complementary to the mRNA codon.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Anticodon
An anticodon is a sequence of three nucleotides in a tRNA molecule that is complementary to a specific mRNA codon. During translation, the anticodon pairs with the mRNA codon, ensuring that the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain. This base pairing is crucial for the fidelity of protein synthesis.
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Introduction to Translation
mRNA Codon
An mRNA codon is a sequence of three nucleotides on messenger RNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid or a stop signal during protein synthesis. Codons are read by the ribosome in the 5' to 3' direction, and each codon matches with a complementary anticodon on tRNA, facilitating the translation of genetic information into proteins.
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tRNA Function
Transfer RNA (tRNA) is a type of RNA molecule that helps decode mRNA sequences into proteins. It carries specific amino acids to the ribosome, where its anticodon pairs with the mRNA codon, allowing the ribosome to add the correct amino acid to the growing polypeptide chain. tRNA is essential for translating genetic information into functional proteins.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
In eukaryotic cells, transcription cannot begin until
a. The two DNA strands have completely separated and exposed the promoter.
b. Several transcription factors have bound to the promoter.
c. The 5′ caps are removed from the mRNA.
d. The DNA introns are removed from the template.
Textbook Question
Which of the following is true of RNA processing? (A) Exons are cut out before mRNA leaves the nucleus. (B) Nucleotides are added at both ends of the RNA. (C) Ribozymes may function in the addition of a 5′ cap. (D) RNA splicing adds a poly-A tail to the mRNA.
Textbook Question
Which component is directly involved in translation?
A. RNA polymerase
B. ribosome
C. spliceosome
D. DNA
Textbook Question
Using Figure 17.6, identify a 5′→3′ sequence of nucleotides in the DNA template strand for an mRNA coding for the polypeptide sequence Phe-Pro-Lys.
a. 5′-UUUCCCAAA-3′
b. 5′-GAACCCCTT-3′
c. 5′-CTTCGGGAA-3′
d. 5′-AAACCCUUU-3′