Karen is taking the medication verapamil, a drug that blocks the calcium channels in cardiac muscle cells. What effect should this medication have on Karen's stroke volume?

Identify if the given statement is true or false. Provide a justification if it is false.

tan 72° ≥ cot 27°

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

c. The amount of blood in the ventricles at the end of the ventricular filling phase is the end-systolic volume.

Mr. Watson has been diagnosed with mitral insufficiency, or a malfunctioning mitral valve, which causes the valve to not close properly. Predict the signs and symptoms you might expect from a disease of this valve. What would happen to the patient's stroke volume and cardiac output? Explain. What might help improve his cardiac output?

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

c. Tissue perfusion to the heart decreases during systole and increases during diastole.