Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart2h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components

Carbon

Anatomy & Physiology

2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components

Carbon

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Multiple Choice

A pharmaceutical company was forced to recall a pain reliever medication that had been linked to the fatalities of several hundred people. Analysis of the recalled drug revealed the presence of two isomers due to an asymmetrical carbon atom in the drug molecule. What can be hypothesized from this observation?

The two isomers of the drug contain different functional groups, and the isomer with the aberrant functional group is connected to the fatalities.

The asymmetrical carbon causes the solubility of the two drug isomers to vary significantly, thus having different chemical properties and effects on people who take them.

The double bond involving the asymmetrical carbon can generate cis-trans isomers that typically have different chemical properties, thus accounting for the drug's toxic properties.

The isomers are enantiomers, with one having toxic effects on humans.

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the concept of isomers: Isomers are molecules with the same molecular formula but different structures. In this case, the presence of an asymmetrical carbon atom suggests the formation of stereoisomers.

Identify the type of isomers: The problem mentions an asymmetrical carbon atom, which typically leads to the formation of enantiomers. Enantiomers are a type of stereoisomer that are mirror images of each other and cannot be superimposed.

Consider the properties of enantiomers: Enantiomers can have drastically different effects in biological systems because they may interact differently with chiral environments, such as enzymes or receptors in the human body.

Evaluate the hypothesis: The hypothesis that one enantiomer has toxic effects is plausible because enantiomers can have different biological activities. This is often due to the way they interact with specific biological molecules.

Conclude based on the information: Given the context of the problem, the most likely explanation is that the drug's enantiomers have different effects, with one enantiomer being toxic, leading to the observed fatalities.