Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart2h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

21. The Immune System

Immune Tolerance

Anatomy & Physiology

21. The Immune System

Immune Tolerance

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Multiple Choice

All of the following are examples of autoimmune disorders EXCEPT __________.

Graves' disease

myasthenia gravis

sickle-cell anemia

systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

rheumatoid arthritis

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the concept of autoimmune disorders: Autoimmune disorders occur when the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own tissues, thinking they are foreign invaders.

Identify the examples of autoimmune disorders listed in the problem: Graves' disease, myasthenia gravis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and rheumatoid arthritis are all autoimmune disorders.

Recognize the exception: Sickle-cell anemia is not an autoimmune disorder. It is a genetic disorder affecting the hemoglobin in red blood cells, leading to anemia and other complications.

Review the characteristics of sickle-cell anemia: It is caused by a mutation in the hemoglobin gene, leading to the production of abnormal hemoglobin, which causes red blood cells to become rigid and sickle-shaped.

Conclude that sickle-cell anemia is the correct answer as it does not fit the category of autoimmune disorders, unlike the other conditions listed.