Which of the following make up the body's first line of defense?


a. Surface barriers
b. Cells and proteins of adaptive immunity
c. Cells and proteins of innate immunity
d. All of the above

The chemotherapeutic drugs Mr. White is taking affect all cells that undergo rapid mitosis, such as those of the skin. What effect would this have on the functions of the skin? How could this affect his immunity? (Connects to Chapter 5)

Which physical, nonspecific host defense mechanism is associated with the respiratory tract and trachea?

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

a. Surface barriers contain substances in their secretions that kill pathogens and deter their growth.