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Multiple Choice
In what way(s) do bases work to increase the pH of a solution? a) Increasing the concentration of hydroxide ions. b) Decreasing the concentration of hydrogen ions. c) Decreasing the concentration of hydroxide ions. d) Increasing the concentration of hydrogen ions. e) Both a & b. f) Both c & d.
A
Increasing the concentration of hydroxide ions.
B
Decreasing the concentration of hydrogen ions.
C
Decreasing the concentration of hydroxide ions.
D
Increasing the concentration of hydrogen ions.
E
Both a & b.
F
Both c & d.
Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand that pH is a measure of the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution. A higher pH indicates a lower concentration of hydrogen ions, making the solution more basic.
Recognize that bases are substances that can accept hydrogen ions (H+) or donate hydroxide ions (OH-). This action reduces the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution.
Identify that increasing the concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-) in a solution will lead to a decrease in hydrogen ion concentration, as OH- ions can combine with H+ ions to form water (H2O).
Realize that decreasing the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) directly increases the pH, as pH is inversely related to the concentration of hydrogen ions.
Conclude that bases work to increase the pH of a solution by both increasing the concentration of hydroxide ions and decreasing the concentration of hydrogen ions, which corresponds to options a and b.