Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart2h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

3. Energy & Cell Processes

Electron Transport Chain

Anatomy & Physiology

3. Energy & Cell Processes

Electron Transport Chain

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Multiple Choice

When a poison such as cyanide blocks the electron transport chain, glycolysis and the citric acid cycle also eventually stop working. Which of the following is the best explanation for this?

A high level of NADH is present in the cell.

The uptake of oxygen stops because electron transport was inhibited.

Electrons are no longer available from the electron transport chain to power glycolysis and the citric acid cycle.

They run out of ADP.

NAD⁺ and FAD are not available for glycolysis and the citric acid cycle to continue.

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the role of the electron transport chain: It is the final stage of cellular respiration where electrons are transferred through a series of complexes to ultimately produce ATP. This process also regenerates NAD+ and FAD, which are essential for glycolysis and the citric acid cycle.

Recognize the importance of NAD+ and FAD: These coenzymes are crucial for the continuation of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle. They act as electron carriers, accepting electrons during these processes and becoming NADH and FADH2.

Identify the impact of cyanide: Cyanide inhibits the electron transport chain by binding to cytochrome c oxidase, preventing the transfer of electrons to oxygen. This blockage halts ATP production and the regeneration of NAD+ and FAD.

Connect the inhibition to glycolysis and the citric acid cycle: Without the regeneration of NAD+ and FAD, glycolysis and the citric acid cycle cannot proceed. These processes rely on the availability of these coenzymes to accept electrons and continue the metabolic pathways.

Conclude why NAD+ and FAD are unavailable: The electron transport chain's inhibition by cyanide leads to a lack of NAD+ and FAD regeneration, causing glycolysis and the citric acid cycle to eventually stop due to the accumulation of NADH and FADH2.