Multiple Choice
Which of the following is NOT one of the three basic levels of gene control?
29. Heredity
Factors Affecting Gene Expression
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In females, one of the X chromosomes is inactivated by __________.
A
the number of dominant genes present on each X chromosome
B
environmental factors
C
enzymes coded for by mitochondrial DNA
D
epigenetic markers
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of X chromosome inactivation: In females, one of the two X chromosomes is randomly inactivated in each cell to prevent an overdose of X-linked gene expression. This process is known as X chromosome inactivation.
Learn about epigenetic markers: Epigenetic markers are chemical modifications that occur on DNA or histone proteins, affecting gene expression without altering the DNA sequence itself.
Explore the role of epigenetic markers in X chromosome inactivation: Epigenetic markers, such as DNA methylation and histone modification, play a crucial role in the inactivation of one X chromosome in females.
Consider the mechanism of X chromosome inactivation: The inactivation process involves the coating of the X chromosome with a specific RNA molecule called XIST, which recruits epigenetic markers to silence gene expression.
Recognize the importance of epigenetic regulation: Epigenetic markers ensure that the inactivation of the X chromosome is stable and maintained throughout cell divisions, highlighting the significance of epigenetic regulation in gene expression.
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