Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart2h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components

Carbohydrates

Anatomy & Physiology

2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components

Carbohydrates

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Multiple Choice

Amylase is an enzyme that breaks down starch. Why can the same enzyme not break down cellulose?

The enzyme cannot attack cellulose because of its helical shape.

Cellulose molecules are much too large.

Starch is made of glucose; cellulose is made of fructose.

The bonds between the monosaccharide monomers in cellulose are much stronger.

The monosaccharide monomers in cellulose are bonded together differently than those in starch.

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the role of amylase: Amylase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of starch into sugars. It specifically targets the glycosidic bonds in starch molecules.

Identify the structure of starch: Starch is composed of glucose monomers linked by α(1→4) glycosidic bonds, which form a helical structure that amylase can easily access and break down.

Examine the structure of cellulose: Cellulose is also composed of glucose monomers, but they are linked by β(1→4) glycosidic bonds, resulting in a linear, fibrous structure that is not accessible to amylase.

Recognize the specificity of enzymes: Enzymes like amylase are highly specific to the type of bond they can break. Amylase is designed to interact with α(1→4) bonds, not β(1→4) bonds.

Conclude why amylase cannot break down cellulose: The difference in glycosidic bond types between starch and cellulose means that amylase cannot interact with or break the β(1→4) bonds in cellulose, thus preventing its breakdown.