Multiple Choice
Which of the following processes includes all of the others?
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components
Simple and Facilitated Diffusion
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Which of the following molecules is most likely to passively diffuse across the plasma membrane?
A
Glucose
B
Sodium ion
C
DNA
D
Hemoglobin
E
Carbon dioxide
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of passive diffusion: Passive diffusion is the movement of molecules across the cell membrane without the need for energy input. It occurs down the concentration gradient, from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
Identify the characteristics of molecules that can passively diffuse: Small, nonpolar, and uncharged molecules are most likely to passively diffuse across the plasma membrane. The lipid bilayer of the membrane is hydrophobic, so nonpolar molecules can easily pass through.
Evaluate each molecule: Glucose is a large polar molecule, sodium ions are charged, DNA is a large and charged molecule, and hemoglobin is a large protein. These characteristics make them unlikely to passively diffuse across the membrane.
Consider carbon dioxide: Carbon dioxide is a small, nonpolar molecule. Its size and lack of charge make it well-suited for passive diffusion through the lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane.
Conclude that carbon dioxide is the molecule most likely to passively diffuse across the plasma membrane due to its small size and nonpolar nature.
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