Multiple Choice
Most of the hydrogen ions in the body come from acidic substances in the foods we ingest.
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance
Acid-Base Balance
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Infants are more likely to experience problems regulating acid-base balance because of several factors, including __________.
A
low rate of insensible water loss from skin
B
the inefficiency of infant kidneys
C
lower amount of fluid intake and output in infants
D
decreased surface area relative to body volume
E
high residual volume of infant lungs
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of acid-base balance: Acid-base balance refers to the mechanisms the body uses to keep its fluids close to neutral pH (7.35-7.45). This balance is crucial for normal cellular functions.
Identify the role of kidneys in acid-base balance: The kidneys help regulate acid-base balance by excreting hydrogen ions and reabsorbing bicarbonate from urine. Efficient kidney function is essential for maintaining this balance.
Consider the developmental aspects of infant kidneys: Infant kidneys are not fully developed, which means they are less efficient at concentrating urine and excreting acids, making infants more susceptible to imbalances.
Evaluate the options given: Analyze each option to determine which factors contribute to the difficulty infants face in regulating acid-base balance. Consider the efficiency of kidney function as a primary factor.
Conclude with the correct factor: Recognize that the inefficiency of infant kidneys is a significant reason why infants are more prone to acid-base balance issues, as their kidneys are not yet fully capable of managing the body's acid-base needs effectively.
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Acid-Base Balance practice set
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