Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

21. The Immune System

First-Line Defenses: Chemical Barriers

Anatomy & Physiology

21. The Immune System

First-Line Defenses: Chemical Barriers

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the first step in an inflammatory response?

positive chemotaxis

diapedesis

adhesion of the neutrophil's cell-adhesion molecules to antigen

release of leukocytosis-inducing factor

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the context of the inflammatory response: Inflammation is a biological response to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants. It is a protective response involving immune cells, blood vessels, and molecular mediators.

Identify the key components involved in the inflammatory response: The process typically involves the release of chemical signals, recruitment of immune cells, and changes in blood vessels to allow immune cells to reach the site of injury or infection.

Recognize the sequence of events in the inflammatory response: The first step is the release of leukocytosis-inducing factors, which are chemicals that stimulate the production and release of white blood cells (leukocytes) from the bone marrow into the bloodstream.

Understand the role of leukocytosis-inducing factors: These factors increase the number of leukocytes in the blood, preparing the body to respond to infection or injury by enhancing the immune response.

Connect the initial step to subsequent events: After the release of leukocytosis-inducing factors, other steps such as positive chemotaxis, diapedesis, and adhesion of neutrophils occur, allowing immune cells to migrate to the site of inflammation and perform their protective functions.