Determine the number of moles of hydrogen atoms in each sample. a. 0.0885 mol C₄H₁₀ b. 1.3 mol CH₄

Determine the number of moles of hydrogen atoms in each sample. c. 2.4 mol C₆H₁₂

Determine the number of moles of hydrogen atoms in each sample. d. 1.87 mol C₈H₁₈

Determine the number of moles of oxygen atoms in each sample. a. 4.88 mol H₂O₂ b. 2.15 mol N₂O c. 0.0237 mol H₂CO₃ d. 24.1 mol CO₂

Calculate mass (in grams) of sodium in 8.5 g of each sodium containing food additive. a. NaCl (table salt) b. Na₃PO₄ (sodium phosphate) c. NaC₇H₅O₂ (sodium benzoate) d. Na₂C₆H₆O₇ (sodium hydrogen citrate)

Calculate the mass (in kilograms) of chlorine in 25 kg of each chlorofluorocarbon (CFC). a. CF₂Cl₂ c. C₂F₃Cl₃ d. CF₃Cl

Calculate the mass (in kilograms) of chlorine in 25 kg of each chlorofluorocarbon (CFC). b. CFCl₃

How many fluorine atoms are present in 5.85 g of C₂F₄?

How many bromine atoms are present in 35.2 g of CH₂Br₂?

A chemist decomposes samples of several compounds; the masses of their constituent elements are listed. Calculate the empirical formula for each compound. a. 1.245 g Ni, 5.381 g I

Write a ratio showing the relationship between the molar amounts of each element for each compound. (See Appendix IIA for color codes.) (b)

A chemist decomposes samples of several compounds; the masses of their constituent elements are listed. Calculate the empirical formula for each compound. b. 2.677 g Ba, 3.115 g Br

A chemist decomposes samples of several compounds; the masses of their constituent elements are listed. Calculate the empirical formula for each compound. c. 2.128 g Be, 7.557 g S, 15.107 g O

Calculate the empirical formula for each stimulant based on its elemental mass percent composition.

a. nicotine (found in tobacco leaves): C 74.03%, H 8.70%, N 17.27%

b. caffeine (found in coffee beans): C 49.48%, H 5.19%, N 28.85%, O 16.48%

Calculate the empirical formula for each natural flavor based on its elemental mass percent composition. a. methyl butyrate (component of apple taste and smell): C 58.80%, H 9.87%, O 31.33%

Calculate the empirical formula for each natural flavor based on its elemental mass percent composition. b. vanillin (responsible for the taste and smell of vanilla): C 63.15%, H 5.30%, O 31.55%

The elemental mass percent composition of ibuprofen (a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug [NSAID]) is 75.69% C, 8.80% H, and 15.51% O. Determine the empirical formula of ibuprofen.

The elemental mass percent composition of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is 40.92% C, 4.58% H, and 54.50% O. Determine the empirical formula of ascorbic acid.

A 45.2-mg sample of phosphorus reacts with selenium to form 131.6 mg of the selenide. Determine the empirical formula of phosphorus selenide.

From the given empirical formula and molar mass, find the molecular formula of each compound. a. C₆H₇N, 186.24 g/mol

From the given molar mass and empirical formula of several compounds, find the molecular formula of each compound. a. C₄H₉, 114.22 g/mol

From the given molar mass and empirical formula of several compounds, find the molecular formula of each compound. b. CCl, 284.77 g/mol

From the given molar mass and empirical formula of several compounds, find the molecular formula of each compound. c. C₃H₂N, 312.29 g/mol

Combustion analysis of a hydrocarbon produces 33.01 g CO₂ and 13.51 g H₂O. Calculate the empirical formula of the hydrocarbon.

Combustion analysis of naphthalene, a hydrocarbon used in mothballs, produces 8.80 g CO₂ and 1.44 g H₂O. Calculate the empirical formula of naphthalene.

The foul odor of rancid butter is due largely to butyric acid, a compound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Combustion analysis of a 4.30-g sample of butyric acid produces 8.59 g CO₂ and 3.52 g H₂O. Determine the empirical formula of butyric acid.

Tartaric acid is the white, powdery substance that coats tart candies such as Sour Patch Kids. Combustion analysis of a 12.01-g sample of tartaric acid—which contains only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen—produces 14.08 g CO₂ and 4.32 g H₂O. Determine the empirical formula of tartaric acid.