At high temperatures, sulfur vapor is predominantly in the for...

Question

At high temperatures, sulfur vapor is predominantly in the form of S₂(g) molecules. (a) Assuming that the molecular orbitals for third-row diatomic molecules are analogous to those for second-row molecules, construct an MO diagram for the valence orbitals of S₂(g).

Accepted Answer

Identify the valence electrons for sulfur (S). Sulfur is in group 16 of the periodic table and has 6 valence electrons. In the S₂ molecule, there are two sulfur atoms, so you start with a total of 12 valence electrons.. Understand the types of molecular orbitals that can form in diatomic molecules. These include sigma (σ), pi (π), sigma star (σ*), and pi star (π*) orbitals. Sigma orbitals are symmetrical along the axis connecting the two nuclei, while pi orbitals are oriented perpendicular to this axis.. Arrange the atomic orbitals (AOs) of sulfur to form molecular orbitals (MOs). The valence orbitals of sulfur are 3s and 3p orbitals. These orbitals combine to form bonding (lower energy) and antibonding (higher energy) molecular orbitals.. Fill the molecular orbitals with the available electrons according to the Aufbau principle (fill lower energy orbitals first), Hund's rule (maximize the number of unpaired electrons in orbitals of equal energy), and the Pauli exclusion principle (each orbital can hold a maximum of two electrons with opposite spins).. Draw the MO diagram with the energy levels, showing the filling of the orbitals from the lowest to the highest energy, and label each orbital with the number of electrons it contains. This diagram will help visualize the electron configuration and bonding characteristics of the S₂ molecule.

At high temperatures, sulfur vapor is predominantly in the form of S₂(g) molecules. (a) Assuming that the molecular orbitals for third-row diatomic molecules are analogous to those for second-row molecules, construct an MO diagram for the valence orbitals of S₂(g).

Verified video answer for a similar problem:

Key Concepts

Molecular Orbital Theory

Valence Orbitals

Diatomic Molecules and Their Orbitals

At high temperatures, sulfur vapor is predominantly in the form of S2(g) molecules. (a) Assuming that the molecular orbitals for third-row diatomic molecules are analogous to those for second-row molecules, construct an MO diagram for the valence orbitals of S2(g).

Verified video answer for a similar problem:

Key Concepts

Molecular Orbital Theory

Valence Orbitals

Diatomic Molecules and Their Orbitals

At high temperatures, sulfur vapor is predominantly in the form of S₂(g) molecules. (a) Assuming that the molecular orbitals for third-row diatomic molecules are analogous to those for second-row molecules, construct an MO diagram for the valence orbitals of S₂(g).