Textbook Question
Look at the location of elements A, B, C, and D in the following periodic table:
(a) Write the formula of the simplest binary hydride of each element.
Ch.22 - The Main Group Elements
Chapter 22, Problem 20d
Look at the location of elements A, B, C, and D in the following periodic table:
(d) Which hydrides react with water to give an acidic solution, and which give a basic solution?
Verified step by step guidance1
insert step 1> Identify the elements A, B, C, and D on the periodic table and determine their group numbers.
insert step 2> Recall that hydrides of nonmetals (typically found on the right side of the periodic table) tend to form acidic solutions when they react with water.
insert step 3> Recall that hydrides of metals (typically found on the left side of the periodic table) tend to form basic solutions when they react with water.
insert step 4> Determine whether each element forms a metal hydride or a nonmetal hydride based on its position in the periodic table.
insert step 5> Classify the hydrides of elements A, B, C, and D as either forming acidic or basic solutions when reacting with water based on their classification as metal or nonmetal hydrides.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Periodic Trends
Periodic trends refer to the predictable patterns observed in the properties of elements as you move across or down the periodic table. These trends include atomic size, ionization energy, and electronegativity, which influence how elements interact with each other, including their reactivity with water.
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Periodic Trends
Acid-Base Chemistry
Acid-base chemistry involves the study of substances that can donate protons (acids) or accept protons (bases). When hydrides react with water, they can produce acidic or basic solutions depending on their ability to release H+ ions or OH- ions, respectively, which is crucial for determining the nature of the solution formed.
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Hydride Classification
Hydrides are compounds formed between hydrogen and other elements. They can be classified into ionic, covalent, and metallic hydrides, each exhibiting different properties. The classification helps predict their behavior in reactions with water, determining whether they will yield acidic or basic solutions.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Look at the location of elements A, B, C, and D in the following
periodic table:
(c) Which hydrides react with water to give H2 gas? Write a balanced net ionic equation for each reaction.
Textbook Question
The following models represent the structures of binary hydrides
of second-row elements:
(a) Identify the nonhydrogen atom in each case, and write the molecular formula for each hydride.
Textbook Question
Using the shorthand notation of Figure 22.9, draw the structure of the cyclic silicate anion in which four SiO4 tetrahedra share O atoms to form an eight-membered ring of alternating Si and O atoms. Give the formula and charge of the anion.