Table of contents

1. Intro to General Chemistry3h 48m
2. Atoms & Elements4h 16m
3. Chemical Reactions4h 10m
4. BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
5. BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions48m
6. Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions3h 53m
7. Gases3h 49m
8. Thermochemistry2h 37m
9. Quantum Mechanics2h 58m
10. Periodic Properties of the Elements3h 9m
11. Bonding & Molecular Structure3h 29m
12. Molecular Shapes & Valence Bond Theory1h 57m
13. Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces2h 23m
14. Solutions3h 1m
15. Chemical Kinetics2h 53m
16. Chemical Equilibrium2h 29m
17. Acid and Base Equilibrium5h 1m
18. Aqueous Equilibrium4h 47m
19. Chemical Thermodynamics1h 50m
20. Electrochemistry2h 42m
21. Nuclear Chemistry2h 36m
22. Organic Chemistry5h 7m
23. Chemistry of the Nonmetals2h 39m
24. Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds3h 16m

11. Bonding & Molecular Structure

Dipole Moment

General Chemistry

11. Bonding & Molecular Structure

Dipole Moment

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Multiple Choice

Why do water molecules have a slightly positive and negative end, making them polar?

Because of the linear shape of the water molecule

Due to the presence of ionic bonds within the water molecule

Because water molecules have an equal distribution of electrons

Due to the difference in electronegativity between hydrogen and oxygen atoms

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand that water (H₂O) is a molecule composed of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.

Recognize that the concept of electronegativity refers to the ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself in a chemical bond.

Note that oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen, meaning oxygen has a stronger tendency to attract electrons.

Visualize the water molecule's bent shape, which results from the two hydrogen atoms forming bonds with the oxygen atom at an angle of about 104.5 degrees.

Realize that the difference in electronegativity between oxygen and hydrogen causes a partial negative charge on the oxygen atom and a partial positive charge on the hydrogen atoms, leading to a polar molecule with distinct positive and negative ends.