Table of contents

1. Overview of Cell Biology2h 49m
2. Chemical Components of Cells1h 14m
3. Energy1h 33m
4. DNA, Chromosomes, and Genomes2h 31m
5. DNA to RNA to Protein2h 31m
6. Proteins1h 36m
7. Gene Expression1h 42m
8. Membrane Structure1h 4m
- The Lipid Bilayer
  38m
- Membrane Proteins
  25m
9. Transport Across Membranes1h 52m
10. Anerobic Respiration1h 5m
11. Aerobic Respiration1h 11m
12. Photosynthesis52m
13. Intracellular Protein Transport2h 18m
14. Cell Signaling1h 28m
15. Cytoskeleton and Cell Movement1h 39m
16. Cell Division3h 5m
17. Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction50m
18. Cell Junctions and Tissues48m
19. Stem Cells13m
- Stem Cells
  13m
20. Cancer44m
21. The Immune System1h 6m
22. Techniques in Cell Biology1h 41m

20. Cancer

Carcinogens

Cell Biology

20. Cancer

Carcinogens

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Multiple Choice

All carcinogens act by directly damaging DNA.

True

False

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the definition of a carcinogen: A carcinogen is any substance, radionuclide, or radiation that promotes carcinogenesis, the formation of cancer.

Recognize that not all carcinogens act by directly damaging DNA. Some carcinogens can cause cancer through indirect mechanisms.

Consider examples of indirect mechanisms: Some carcinogens may cause cancer by inducing chronic inflammation, altering cellular metabolism, or affecting the immune system.

Explore the concept of genotoxic and non-genotoxic carcinogens: Genotoxic carcinogens directly damage DNA, while non-genotoxic carcinogens do not directly alter DNA but can lead to cancer through other pathways.

Conclude that the statement 'All carcinogens act by directly damaging DNA' is false because there are multiple pathways through which carcinogens can contribute to cancer development.