Textbook Question
Calculate and compare the caloric content of skim milk and whole milk. Per serving, skim milk contains 12 g carbohydrates, 8 g protein, and no fat; whole milk contains 12 g carbohydrates, 8 g protein, and 8 g fat.
Ch. 41 - Animal Nutrition
Freeman8th EditionBiological ScienceISBN: 9780138276263
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - Biology: The Study of Life13
- Ch. 2 - Water and Carbon: The Chemical Basis of Life14
- Ch.3 - Protein Structure and Function10
- Ch.4 - Nucleic Acids and the RNA World10
- Ch. 5 - An Introduction to Carbohydrates10
- Ch. 6 - Lipids, Membranes, and the First Cells11
- Ch. 7 - Inside the Cell10
- Ch. 8 - Energy and Enzymes: An Introduction to Metabolism10
- Ch. 9 - Cellular Respiration and Fermentation11
- Ch. 10 - Photosynthesis12
- Ch. 11 - Cell-Cell Interactions12
- Ch. 12 - The Cell Cycle8
- Ch. 13 - Meiosis12
- Ch. 14 - Mendel and the Gene23
- Ch. 15 - DNA and the Gene: Synthesis and Repair15
- Ch. 16 - How Genes Work16
- Ch. 17 - Transcription, RNA Processing, and Translation16
- Ch. 18 - Control of Gene Expression in Bacteria16
- Ch. 19 - Control of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes12
- Ch. 20 - The Molecular Revolution: Biotechnology, Genomics, and New Frontiers15
- Ch. 21 - Genes, Development, and Evolution12
- Ch. 22 - Evolution by Natural Selection16
- Ch. 23 - Evolutionary Processes13
- Ch. 24 - Speciation15
- Ch. 25 - Phylogenies and the History of Life13
- Ch. 26 - Bacteria and Archaea15
- Ch. 27 - Diversification of Eukaryotes16
- Ch. 28 - Green Algae and Land Plants16
- Ch. 29 - Fungi18
- Ch. 30 - An Introduction to Animals9
- Ch. 31 - Protostome Animals15
- Ch. 32 - Deuterostome Animals17
- Ch. 33 - Viruses16
- Ch. 34 - Plant Form and Function16
- Ch. 35 - Water and Sugar Transport in Plants16
- Ch. 36 - Plant Nutrition13
- Ch. 37 - Plant Sensory Systems, Signals, and Responses16
- Ch. 38 - Flowering Plant Reproduction and Development16
- Ch. 39 - Animal Form and Function17
- Ch. 40 - Water and Electrolyte Balance in Animals16
- Ch. 41 - Animal Nutrition16
- Ch. 42 - Gas Exchange and Circulation16
- Ch. 43 - Animal Nervous Systems16
- Ch. 44 - Animal Sensory Systems16
- Ch. 45 - Animal Movement11
- Ch. 46 - Chemical Signals in Animals16
- Ch. 47 - Animal Reproduction and Development16
- Ch. 48 - The Immune System in Animals16
- Ch. 49 - An Introduction to Ecology15
- Ch. 50 - Behavioral Ecology16
- Ch. 51 - Population Ecology16
- Ch. 52 - Community Ecology20
- Ch. 53 - Ecosystems and Global Ecology17
- Ch. 54 - Biodiversity and Conservation Ecology18
Chapter 41, Problem 4
A hormone that reduces the blood glucose level is______, and a hormone that increases the blood glucose level is__________.
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the hormones involved in regulating blood glucose levels. The two primary hormones are insulin and glucagon.
Understand the role of insulin: Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that helps lower blood glucose levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells and promoting its storage as glycogen in the liver.
Understand the role of glucagon: Glucagon is another hormone produced by the pancreas that increases blood glucose levels by stimulating the conversion of glycogen back into glucose in the liver, releasing it into the bloodstream.
Recognize the balance between insulin and glucagon: These hormones work in opposition to maintain homeostasis of blood glucose levels, with insulin decreasing and glucagon increasing glucose levels.
Apply this knowledge to the problem: The hormone that reduces blood glucose levels is insulin, and the hormone that increases blood glucose levels is glucagon.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Insulin
Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that plays a crucial role in regulating blood glucose levels. It facilitates the uptake of glucose into cells, particularly muscle and fat cells, thereby lowering blood glucose levels. Insulin also promotes the storage of glucose as glycogen in the liver, helping maintain energy balance.
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Glucagon
Glucagon is a hormone also produced by the pancreas, but it has the opposite effect of insulin. It increases blood glucose levels by stimulating the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose, which is then released into the bloodstream. This process is vital during fasting or between meals to ensure a steady supply of energy.
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Blood Glucose Regulation
Blood glucose regulation is a critical physiological process involving hormones like insulin and glucagon to maintain homeostasis. The balance between these hormones ensures that blood glucose levels remain within a healthy range, preventing conditions like hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia, which can lead to serious health issues if not properly managed.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Evaluate the following statements regarding digestion; select True or False for each statement.
T/F Salivary amylase completes the digestion of starch into monosaccharides.
T/F Pepsin digests proteins in the stomach.
T/F Trypsin digests disaccharides into monosaccharides.
T/F Pancreatic lipase performs the majority of chemical digestion of lipids.
Textbook Question
Cellulose is fermented in which of the following structures in rabbits?
a. Small intestine
b. Cecum
c. Abomasum
d. Rumen
Textbook Question
Explain the role in nutrition of each of the following structures:
bird crop, cow rumen, and elephant cecum.
Textbook Question
Why is oral rehydration therapy with a solution of sodium chloride and glucose an effective treatment for dehydration?
a. The sodium and glucose decrease urine output.
b. The sodium and glucose facilitate water absorption by the small intestine.
c. The sodium and glucose help kill intestinal bacteria.
d. The sodium and glucose make the person thirsty.
Textbook Question
Why is it important that the small intestine has a much greater surface area than the stomach or esophagus?