Textbook Question
What do some photosynthetic bacteria use as a source of electrons instead of water?
a. Oxygen (O2)
b. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S)
c. Organic compounds (e.g., CH3COO−)
d. Nitrate (NO3-)
Ch. 26 - Bacteria and Archaea
Freeman8th EditionBiological ScienceISBN: 9780138276263
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - Biology: The Study of Life13
- Ch. 2 - Water and Carbon: The Chemical Basis of Life14
- Ch.3 - Protein Structure and Function10
- Ch.4 - Nucleic Acids and the RNA World10
- Ch. 5 - An Introduction to Carbohydrates10
- Ch. 6 - Lipids, Membranes, and the First Cells11
- Ch. 7 - Inside the Cell10
- Ch. 8 - Energy and Enzymes: An Introduction to Metabolism10
- Ch. 9 - Cellular Respiration and Fermentation11
- Ch. 10 - Photosynthesis12
- Ch. 11 - Cell-Cell Interactions12
- Ch. 12 - The Cell Cycle8
- Ch. 13 - Meiosis12
- Ch. 14 - Mendel and the Gene23
- Ch. 15 - DNA and the Gene: Synthesis and Repair15
- Ch. 16 - How Genes Work16
- Ch. 17 - Transcription, RNA Processing, and Translation16
- Ch. 18 - Control of Gene Expression in Bacteria16
- Ch. 19 - Control of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes12
- Ch. 20 - The Molecular Revolution: Biotechnology, Genomics, and New Frontiers15
- Ch. 21 - Genes, Development, and Evolution12
- Ch. 22 - Evolution by Natural Selection16
- Ch. 23 - Evolutionary Processes13
- Ch. 24 - Speciation15
- Ch. 25 - Phylogenies and the History of Life13
- Ch. 26 - Bacteria and Archaea15
- Ch. 27 - Diversification of Eukaryotes16
- Ch. 28 - Green Algae and Land Plants16
- Ch. 29 - Fungi18
- Ch. 30 - An Introduction to Animals9
- Ch. 31 - Protostome Animals15
- Ch. 32 - Deuterostome Animals17
- Ch. 33 - Viruses16
- Ch. 34 - Plant Form and Function16
- Ch. 35 - Water and Sugar Transport in Plants16
- Ch. 36 - Plant Nutrition13
- Ch. 37 - Plant Sensory Systems, Signals, and Responses16
- Ch. 38 - Flowering Plant Reproduction and Development16
- Ch. 39 - Animal Form and Function17
- Ch. 40 - Water and Electrolyte Balance in Animals16
- Ch. 41 - Animal Nutrition16
- Ch. 42 - Gas Exchange and Circulation16
- Ch. 43 - Animal Nervous Systems16
- Ch. 44 - Animal Sensory Systems16
- Ch. 45 - Animal Movement11
- Ch. 46 - Chemical Signals in Animals16
- Ch. 47 - Animal Reproduction and Development16
- Ch. 48 - The Immune System in Animals16
- Ch. 49 - An Introduction to Ecology15
- Ch. 50 - Behavioral Ecology16
- Ch. 51 - Population Ecology16
- Ch. 52 - Community Ecology20
- Ch. 53 - Ecosystems and Global Ecology17
- Ch. 54 - Biodiversity and Conservation Ecology18
Chapter 26, Problem 2
What are organisms called that use inorganic compounds as electron donors in cellular respiration?
a. Phototrophs
b. Heterotrophs
c. Organotrophs
d. Lithotrophs
Verified step by step guidance1
Begin by understanding the concept of electron donors in cellular respiration. Electron donors are substances that provide electrons to the electron transport chain, which is crucial for ATP production.
Recognize that organisms can be classified based on the type of electron donors they use. Inorganic compounds, such as hydrogen sulfide or ammonia, are used by certain organisms as electron donors.
Learn the term 'lithotrophs.' Lithotrophs are organisms that use inorganic compounds as electron donors. The prefix 'litho-' refers to 'rock' or 'mineral,' indicating the use of inorganic substances.
Differentiate lithotrophs from other types of organisms: phototrophs use light as an energy source, heterotrophs consume organic compounds, and organotrophs use organic compounds as electron donors.
Conclude that the correct term for organisms that use inorganic compounds as electron donors in cellular respiration is 'lithotrophs.'
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Cellular Respiration
Cellular respiration is a metabolic process by which cells convert nutrients into energy in the form of ATP. It involves a series of biochemical reactions where electron donors are oxidized, and electrons are transferred through a chain of proteins to ultimately reduce oxygen, producing water and releasing energy.
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03:39
Introduction to Cellular Respiration
Electron Donors
Electron donors are substances that provide electrons to another compound in a redox reaction. In cellular respiration, these donors can be organic or inorganic compounds. The type of electron donor used by an organism can classify it into different groups, such as lithotrophs, which use inorganic compounds.
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07:41Electron Transport Chain
Lithotrophs
Lithotrophs are organisms that use inorganic compounds as electron donors in their metabolic processes. Unlike organotrophs, which rely on organic compounds, lithotrophs can oxidize substances like hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, or ferrous iron to obtain energy, playing a crucial role in nutrient cycling and energy flow in ecosystems.
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03:21Electron Source: Lithotrophs vs. Organotrophs
Related Practice
Textbook Question
Unlike plant cell walls that contain cellulose, bacterial cell walls are composed of ___________.
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Textbook Question
Evaluate these statements about Koch's postulates, which are used to establish a causative link between a specific microbe and a specific disease. Select True or False for each statement.
T/FThe microbe must be present in individuals suffering from the disease and absent from healthy individuals.
T/FThe microbe must be isolated and grown in pure culture.
T/FIf organisms from the pure culture are injected into a healthy experimental animal, the disease symptoms should appear.
T/FThe microbe does not have to be isolated from the experimental animal as long as the disease is present.
Textbook Question
What has metagenomic analysis allowed researchers to do for the first time? a. sample organisms from an environment and grow them under defined conditions in the lab b. isolate organisms from an environment and sequence their entire genome c. study organisms that cannot be cultured (grown in the lab) d. identify important morphological differences among species