Textbook Question
Plastids that are surrounded by more than two membranes are evidence of
a. Evolution from mitochondria.
b. Fusion of plastids.
c. Origin of the plastids from archaea.
d. Secondary endosymbiosis.
Ch. 28 - Protists
Urry12th EditionCampbell BiologyISBN: 9785794169850
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry8
- Ch. 2 - The Chemical Context of Life8
- Ch. 3 - Water and Life6
- Ch. 4 - Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life9
- Ch. 5 - The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules9
- Ch. 6 - A Tour of the Cell6
- Ch. 7 - Membrane Structure and Function6
- Ch. 8 - An Introduction to Metabolism6
- Ch. 9 - Cellular Respiration and Fermentation10
- Ch. 10 - Photosynthesis7
- Ch. 11 - Cell Communication7
- Ch. 12 - The Cell Cycle11
- Ch. 13 - Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles10
- Ch. 14 - Mendel and the Gene Idea14
- Ch, 15 - The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance6
- Ch. 16 - The Molecular Basis of Inheritance9
- Ch. 17 - Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein9
- Ch. 18 - Regulation of Gene Expression10
- Ch. 19 - Viruses6
- Ch. 20 - DNA Tools and Biotechnology7
- Ch. 21 - Genomes and Their Evolution8
- Ch. 22 - Descent with Modification: A Darwininan View of Life6
- Ch. 23 - The Evolution of Populations5
- Ch. 24 - The Origin of Species6
- Ch. 25 - The History of Life on Earth8
- Ch. 26 - Phylogeny and the Tree of Life8
- Ch. 27 - Bacteria and Archaea6
- Ch. 28 - Protists7
- Ch. 29 - Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land7
- Ch. 30 - Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants6
- Ch. 31 - Fungi5
- Ch. 32 - An Overview of Animal Diversity4
- Ch. 33 - An introduction to Invertebrates6
- Ch. 34 - The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates7
- Ch. 35 - Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development10
- Ch. 36 - Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants8
- Ch. 37 - Soil and Plant Nutrition11
- Ch. 38 - Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology8
- Ch. 39 - Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals8
- Ch. 40 - Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function8
- Ch. 41 - Animal Nutrition7
- Ch. 42 - Circulation and Gas Exchange7
- Ch. 43 - The Immune System5
- Ch. 44 - Osmoregulation and Excretion6
- Ch. 45 - Hormones and the Endocrine System8
- Ch. 46 - Animal Reproduction9
- Ch. 47 - Animal Development8
- Ch. 48 - Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling6
- Ch. 49 - Nervous Systems8
- Ch. 50 - Sensory and Motor Mechanisms5
- Ch. 51 Animal Behavior6
- Ch. 52 - An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere7
- Ch. 53 - Population Ecology9
- Ch. 54 - Community Ecology9
- Ch. 55 - Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology8
- Ch. 56 - Conservation Biology and Global Change6
Chapter 28, Problem 4
According to the phylogeny, which protists are in the same eukaryotic supergroup as plants?
a. Green algae
b. Dinoflagellates
c. Red algae
d. Both A and C
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of eukaryotic supergroups: Eukaryotic organisms are classified into several supergroups based on genetic and morphological characteristics. Plants belong to the supergroup called Archaeplastida.
Identify the protists that belong to the Archaeplastida supergroup: Green algae and red algae are both part of the Archaeplastida supergroup, which includes plants.
Examine the options provided in the problem: The options are green algae (a), dinoflagellates (b), red algae (c), and both A and C (d).
Determine which options belong to the same supergroup as plants: Since both green algae and red algae are part of the Archaeplastida supergroup, they are in the same supergroup as plants.
Select the correct answer based on the analysis: The correct answer is option d, both A and C, as both green algae and red algae are in the same eukaryotic supergroup as plants.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Eukaryotic Supergroups
Eukaryotic supergroups are large clades that categorize eukaryotic organisms based on genetic and evolutionary relationships. These groups help in understanding the diversity and evolutionary history of eukaryotes, including plants, animals, fungi, and protists. Identifying which organisms belong to the same supergroup can reveal shared characteristics and ancestral traits.
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03:01
Overview of the Four Supergroups of Eukaryotes
Protists
Protists are a diverse group of eukaryotic microorganisms that are not classified as plants, animals, or fungi. They include various types of algae, protozoa, and slime molds. Understanding protists is crucial for studying evolutionary biology, as they often share characteristics with other eukaryotic groups and can provide insights into the evolution of complex life forms.
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03:23What is a Protist?
Green and Red Algae
Green and red algae are types of protists that belong to the Archaeplastida supergroup, which also includes land plants. Green algae are closely related to plants and share many characteristics, such as chlorophyll types and photosynthetic processes. Red algae are distinct but still part of the same supergroup, highlighting the evolutionary link between these protists and plants.
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02:37Secondary Endosymbiosis Led to Several Eukaryotic Lineages
Related Practice
Textbook Question
Biologists think that endosymbiosis gave rise to mitochondria before plastids partly because
a. The products of photosynthesis could not be metabolized without mitochondrial enzymes.
b. All eukaryotes have mitochondria (or their remnants), whereas many eukaryotes do not have plastids.
c. Mitochondrial DNA is less similar to prokaryotic DNA than is plastid DNA.
d. Without mitochondrial CO2 production, photosynthesis could not occur.
Textbook Question
Which group is correctly paired with its description?
A. diatoms—important consumers in aquatic communities
B. diplomonads—protists with modified mitochondria
C. apicomplexans—producers with intricate life cycles
D. red algae—acquired plastids by secondary endosymbiosis
Textbook Question
In a life cycle with alternation of generations, multicellular haploid forms alternate with
a. Unicellular haploid forms
b. Unicellular diploid forms
c. Multicellular haploid forms
d. Multicellular diploid forms
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Textbook Question
Based on the phylogenetic tree in Figure 28.5, which of the following statements is correct?
a. Excavata and SAR form a sister group
b. The most recent common ancestor of SAR is older than that of Unikonta
c. The most basal (first to diverge) eukaryotic supergroup cannot be determined
d. Excavata is the most basal eukaryotic supergroup
Textbook Question
Medical researchers seek to develop drugs that can kill or restrict the growth of human pathogens yet have few harmful effects on patients. These drugs often work by disrupting the metabolism of the pathogen or by targeting its structural features.
Draw and label a phylogenetic tree that includes an ancestral prokaryote and the following groups of organisms: Excavata, SAR, Archaeplastida, Unikonta, and, within Unikonta, amoebozoans, animals, choanoflagellates, fungi, and nucleariids. Based on this tree, hypothesize whether it would be most difficult to develop drugs to combat human pathogens that are prokaryotes, protists, animals, or fungi. (You do not need to consider the evolution of drug resistance by the pathogen.)
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