Textbook Question
In the cells of some organisms, mitosis occurs without cytokinesis. This will result in
a. Cells with more than one nucleus
b. Cells that are unusually small
c. Cells lacking nuclei
d. Cell cycles lacking an S phase
Ch. 12 - The Cell Cycle
Urry12th EditionCampbell BiologyISBN: 9785794169850
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry8
- Ch. 2 - The Chemical Context of Life8
- Ch. 3 - Water and Life6
- Ch. 4 - Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life9
- Ch. 5 - The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules9
- Ch. 6 - A Tour of the Cell6
- Ch. 7 - Membrane Structure and Function6
- Ch. 8 - An Introduction to Metabolism6
- Ch. 9 - Cellular Respiration and Fermentation10
- Ch. 10 - Photosynthesis7
- Ch. 11 - Cell Communication7
- Ch. 12 - The Cell Cycle11
- Ch. 13 - Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles10
- Ch. 14 - Mendel and the Gene Idea14
- Ch, 15 - The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance6
- Ch. 16 - The Molecular Basis of Inheritance9
- Ch. 17 - Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein9
- Ch. 18 - Regulation of Gene Expression10
- Ch. 19 - Viruses6
- Ch. 20 - DNA Tools and Biotechnology7
- Ch. 21 - Genomes and Their Evolution8
- Ch. 22 - Descent with Modification: A Darwininan View of Life6
- Ch. 23 - The Evolution of Populations5
- Ch. 24 - The Origin of Species6
- Ch. 25 - The History of Life on Earth8
- Ch. 26 - Phylogeny and the Tree of Life8
- Ch. 27 - Bacteria and Archaea6
- Ch. 28 - Protists7
- Ch. 29 - Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land7
- Ch. 30 - Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants6
- Ch. 31 - Fungi5
- Ch. 32 - An Overview of Animal Diversity4
- Ch. 33 - An introduction to Invertebrates6
- Ch. 34 - The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates7
- Ch. 35 - Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development10
- Ch. 36 - Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants8
- Ch. 37 - Soil and Plant Nutrition11
- Ch. 38 - Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology8
- Ch. 39 - Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals8
- Ch. 40 - Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function8
- Ch. 41 - Animal Nutrition7
- Ch. 42 - Circulation and Gas Exchange7
- Ch. 43 - The Immune System5
- Ch. 44 - Osmoregulation and Excretion6
- Ch. 45 - Hormones and the Endocrine System8
- Ch. 46 - Animal Reproduction9
- Ch. 47 - Animal Development8
- Ch. 48 - Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling6
- Ch. 49 - Nervous Systems8
- Ch. 50 - Sensory and Motor Mechanisms5
- Ch. 51 Animal Behavior6
- Ch. 52 - An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere7
- Ch. 53 - Population Ecology9
- Ch. 54 - Community Ecology9
- Ch. 55 - Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology8
- Ch. 56 - Conservation Biology and Global Change6
Chapter 12, Problem 8
The drug cytochalasin B blocks the function of actin. Which of the following aspects of the animal cell cycle would be most disrupted by cytochalasin B?
a. Spindle formation
b. Spindle attachment to kinetochores
c. Cell elongation during anaphase
d. Cleavage furrow formation and cytokinesis
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the role of actin in the cell cycle. Actin is a protein that forms microfilaments, which are part of the cytoskeleton and play a crucial role in various cellular processes, including cytokinesis.
Identify the process in the cell cycle that directly involves actin. During cytokinesis, actin filaments form a contractile ring at the site of the cleavage furrow, which helps in dividing the cell into two daughter cells.
Evaluate each option in the context of actin's function: a) Spindle formation primarily involves microtubules, not actin. b) Spindle attachment to kinetochores is also related to microtubules. c) Cell elongation during anaphase is driven by microtubules. d) Cleavage furrow formation and cytokinesis directly involve actin filaments.
Recognize that cytochalasin B disrupts actin function, which would most affect processes that rely on actin, such as the formation of the cleavage furrow during cytokinesis.
Conclude that the aspect of the animal cell cycle most disrupted by cytochalasin B is cleavage furrow formation and cytokinesis, as this process is dependent on actin filaments.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Actin Function in Cells
Actin is a crucial protein that forms microfilaments, part of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells. It plays a significant role in maintaining cell shape, enabling cell movement, and facilitating cell division, particularly during cytokinesis. Actin filaments are essential for forming the contractile ring that leads to the cleavage furrow, which is vital for the physical separation of dividing cells.
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Cell Junctions
Cytokinesis in Animal Cells
Cytokinesis is the process during cell division where the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells. In animal cells, this involves the formation of a cleavage furrow, which is driven by a contractile ring composed of actin and myosin filaments. The contractile ring constricts the cell membrane, leading to the physical separation of the two new cells.
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Role of Actin in Cleavage Furrow Formation
The cleavage furrow is an indentation that begins the process of cytokinesis in animal cells. Actin filaments, along with myosin, form a contractile ring beneath the plasma membrane at the site of the furrow. This ring contracts, pulling the membrane inward and eventually pinching the cell into two separate entities. Disruption of actin function, such as by cytochalasin B, would impede this process, preventing successful cytokinesis.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Which of the following occurs during S phase?
a. Condensation of the chromosomes
b. Replication of the DNA
c. Separation of sister chromatids
d. Spindle formation
Textbook Question
Cell A has half as much DNA as cells B, C, and D in a mitotically active tissue. Cell A is most likely in
a. G1
b. G2
c. Prophase
d. Metaphase
Textbook Question
The light micrograph shows dividing cells near the tip of an onion root. Identify a cell in each of the following stages: prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Describe the major events occurring at each stage.
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Textbook Question
Draw one eukaryotic chromosome as it would appear during interphase, during each of the stages of mitosis, and during cytokinesis. Also, draw and label the nuclear envelope and any microtubules attached to the chromosome(s).