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Degrees of Unsaturation quiz

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  • Which of the following hydrocarbons has a double bond in its carbon skeleton: ethane, ethene, or ethyne?
    Ethene has a double bond in its carbon skeleton.
  • In which phase of the cell cycle are there 92 chromatids: prophase, metaphase, or anaphase?
    There are 92 chromatids during metaphase and anaphase.
  • If the frequency of the recessive allele q of a trait is 0.4, what is the frequency of the dominant allele p?
    The frequency of the dominant allele p is 0.6, since p + q = 1.
  • What does the Index of Hydrogen Deficiency (IHD) indicate in a molecule?
    IHD indicates the degree of unsaturation in a molecule, showing the presence of pi bonds or rings.
  • How is the IHD value calculated using a molecular formula?
    IHD is calculated by subtracting the actual number of hydrogens from the theoretical maximum, adjusting for other atoms, and dividing by two.
  • What is the formula for determining the maximum number of hydrogens in a saturated molecule?
    The formula is 2n + 2, where n is the number of carbons.
  • How do halogens, oxygen, and nitrogen affect the IHD calculation?
    Halogens count as one hydrogen, oxygen is ignored, and nitrogen counts as negative one hydrogen.
  • What is the IHD equivalent of a triple bond?
    A triple bond counts as two IHDs because it has two pi bonds.
  • Why might a molecule be unsaturated according to the IHD concept?
    A molecule is unsaturated if it has pi bonds or rings, which reduce the number of hydrogens.
  • What is the significance of the 2n + 2 rule in organic chemistry?
    The 2n + 2 rule helps determine if a molecule is saturated by predicting the maximum number of hydrogens it can hold.