Textbook Question
The enzyme sucrase catalyzes the hydrolysis of the disaccharide sucrose but not the disaccharide lactose. Does the induced-fit or lock-and-key model explain the action of sucrase better? Explain.
Ch.10 Proteins Workers of the Cell
Frost4th EditionGeneral, Organic and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134988696
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Table of contents
- Ch.4 Introduction to Organic Compounds75
- Ch.5 Chemical Reactions19
- Ch.6 Carbohydrates Life's Sweet Molecules62
- Ch.7 States of Matter and Their Attractive Forces8
- Ch.8 Solution Chemistry Sugar and Water Do Mix4
- Ch.10 Proteins Workers of the Cell89
- Ch.11 Nucleic Acids Big Molecules with a Big Role69
- Ch.12 Food as Fuel An Overview of Metabolism65
Frost4th EditionGeneral, Organic and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134988696Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 6, Problem 91c
Does each of the following statements describe a simple enzyme (no cofactor or coenzyme necessary), an enzyme that requires a cofactor, or an enzyme that requires a coenzyme?
c. contains vitamin B6 in its active site
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the difference between a simple enzyme, an enzyme requiring a cofactor, and an enzyme requiring a coenzyme. A simple enzyme functions independently, while enzymes requiring cofactors or coenzymes need additional non-protein molecules to function. Cofactors are typically metal ions, whereas coenzymes are organic molecules, often derived from vitamins.
Recognize that vitamin B₆ is an organic molecule and is classified as a coenzyme. Coenzymes assist enzymes by transferring chemical groups or electrons during the reaction.
Analyze the statement: 'contains vitamin B₆ in its active site.' This indicates that the enzyme requires vitamin B₆ to perform its catalytic function.
Conclude that the enzyme described in the statement is one that requires a coenzyme, as vitamin B₆ is a coenzyme.
Summarize the reasoning: Since vitamin B₆ is a coenzyme and is present in the enzyme's active site, the enzyme cannot function without it, making it an enzyme that requires a coenzyme.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Enzymes
Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms. They are typically proteins that lower the activation energy required for reactions, allowing them to occur more efficiently. Enzymes can be classified based on their need for additional molecules, such as cofactors or coenzymes, to function properly.
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Cofactors
Cofactors are non-protein chemical compounds that assist enzymes in catalyzing reactions. They can be metal ions, such as zinc or magnesium, and are often required for the enzyme's activity. Cofactors bind to the enzyme and help in the conversion of substrates into products, but they are not consumed in the reaction.
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Coenzymes
Coenzymes are a specific type of cofactor that are organic molecules, often derived from vitamins. They bind to enzymes and participate in the reaction by transferring chemical groups or electrons. An example is vitamin B₆, which acts as a coenzyme in various enzymatic reactions, indicating that the enzyme requires this molecule to function effectively.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
What type of interactions between an enzyme and its substrate help to stabilize ES?
Textbook Question
Does each of the following statements describe a simple enzyme (no cofactor or coenzyme necessary), an enzyme that requires a cofactor, or an enzyme that requires a coenzyme?
b. consists of one polypeptide chain in its active form
Textbook Question
A substrate is held in the active site of an enzyme by attractive forces between the substrate and the amino acid side chains. For the outlined regions A, B, and C on the following substrate molecule:
b. Could the amino acids serine, lysine, or glutamate be present in the active site? Support your answer.
Textbook Question
If each of the following amino acid side chains is present in the active site of an enzyme, indicate whether it would (a) serve a catalytic function, (b) serve to hold the substrate, or (c) both.
a. aspartate
Textbook Question
If each of the following amino acid side chains is present in the active site of an enzyme, indicate whether it would (a) serve a catalytic function, (b) serve to hold the substrate, or (c) both.
d. lysine