Consider the case where a mutation occurs that disrupts translation in a single human mitochondrion found in the oocyte participating in fertilization. What is the likely impact of this mutation on the offspring arising from this oocyte?

How many Barr bodies are found in a normal human female nucleus? In a normal male nucleus?

An insect species is discovered in which the heterogametic sex is unknown. An X-linked recessive mutation for reduced wing (rw) is discovered. Contrast the F₁ and F₂ generations from a cross between a female with reduced wings and a male with normal-sized wings when the male is the heterogametic sex.

What is the basis for homology among chromosomes?