Compare and contrast the following terms:

monohybrid cross and test cross

Green scales (G) in a particular species of fish is dominant over blue scales (g). The following crosses are carried out, producing the progeny shown. Write out all possible genotypes of the parents in each cross. 

Which of the following offspring ratios is expected from a Mendelian heterozygous cross examining one gene?

Human albinism is a simple recessive trait. Determine the genotypes of the parents for each offspring combination 

i. A wild-type male and albino female have 6 wild-type children 

Human albinism is a simple recessive trait. Determine the genotypes of the parents for each offspring combination

ii. A wild-type male and albino female have 8 children, 4 wild-type, and four albino 

For the cross BB×Bb, what is the expected genotype ratio? What is the expected phenotype ratio?

A plant may have green, white, or green-and-white (variegated) leaves on its branches, owing to a mutation in the chloroplast that prevents color from developing. Predict the results of the following crosses:

   Ovule Source                 Pollen Source
(a) Green branch         x    White branch
(b) White branch          x    Green branch
(c) Variegated branch  x    Green branch
(d) Green branch         x    Variegated branch