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Problem 117
Force is defined as mass times acceleration. Starting with SI base units, derive a unit for force. Using SI prefixes, suggest a convenient unit for the force resulting from a collision with a 10-ton trailer truck moving at 55 mi per hour and for the force resulting from the collision of a molecule of mass around 10 - 20 kg moving almost at the speed of light (3×108 m/s) with the wall of its container. (Assume a 1-second deceleration time for both collisions.)
- Do each calculation without your calculator and give the answers to the correct number of significant figures: a. 1.76 * 10^3 > 8.0 * 10^2 b. 1.87 * 10^-2 + 2 * 10^-4 - 3.0 * 10^-3 c. [(1.36 * 10^5)(0.000322) > 0.082](129.2)
Problem 119
Problem 120
The value of the euro was recently $1.15 U.S., and the price of 1 liter of gasoline in France is 1.42 euro. What is the price of 1 gallon of gasoline in U.S. dollars in France?
Problem 121
A thief uses a can of sand to replace a solid gold cylinder that sits on a weight-sensitive, alarmed pedestal. The can of sand and the gold cylinder have exactly the same dimensions (length = 22 and radius = 3.8 cm). a. Calculate the mass of each cylinder (ignore the mass of the can itself). (density of gold = 19.3 g/cm3, density of sand = 3.00 g/cm3) b. Does the thief set off the alarm? Explain.
Problem 122
The proton has a radius of approximately 1.0×10−13 cm and a mass of 1.7×10−24 g. Determine the density of a proton for a sphere V = (4/3)πr3.
Problem 123
The density of titanium is 4.51 g>cm3. What is the volume (in cubic inches) of 2.54 lb of titanium?
Problem 124
The density of iron is 7.86 g/cm3. What is its density in pounds per cubic inch (lb/in3)?
Problem 125
A steel cylinder has a length of 2.16 in, a radius of 0.22 in, and a mass of 41 g. What is the density of the steel in g/cm3?
Problem 126
A solid aluminum sphere has a mass of 36 g. Use the density of aluminum to find the radius of the sphere in inches.
- A backyard swimming pool holds 185 cubic yards (yd³) of water. What is the mass of the water in pounds?
Problem 127
Problem 128
An iceberg has a volume of 7655 ft2. What is the mass of the ice (in kg) composing the iceberg (at 0 °C)?
Problem 131
The Toyota Prius, a hybrid electric vehicle, has an EPA gas mileage rating of 52 mi/gal in the city. How many kilometers can the Prius travel on 15 L of gasoline?
Problem 132
The Honda Insight, a hybrid electric vehicle, has an EPA gas mileage rating of 41 mi/gal in the city. How many kilometers can the Insight travel on the amount of gasoline that would fit in a soda can? The volume of a soda can is 355 mL.
Problem 133
The single proton that forms the nucleus of the hydrogen atom has a radius of approximately 1.0×10−13 cm. The hydrogen atom itself has a radius of approximately 52.9 pm. What fraction of the space within the atom is occupied by the nucleus?
Problem 134
A sample of gaseous neon atoms at atmospheric pressure and 0 °C contains 2.69×1022 atoms per liter. The atomic radius of neon is 69 pm. What fraction of the space do the atoms themselves occupy? What does this reveal about the separation between atoms in the gaseous phase?
Problem 135
The diameter of a hydrogen atom is 212 pm. Find the length in kilometers of a row of 6.02×1023 hydrogen atoms. The diameter of a ping pong ball is 4.0 cm. Find the length in kilometers of a row of 6.02×1023 ping pong balls.
Problem 136
The world's record in the 100-m dash is 9.58 s, and in the 100-yd dash it is 9.07 s. Find the speed in mi>hr of the runners who set these records. (Assume three significant figures for 100 m and 100 yd.)
Problem 137
The daily recommended intake of calcium for an average adult is 1,000 mg. There is 125 mg of calcium in 100 grams of milk. If a 150 g smoothie contains 75 grams of milk, how many grams of smoothie should an adult consume to meet the daily recommended intake?
Problem 138
Lead metal can be extracted from a mineral called galena, which contains 86.6% lead by mass. A particular ore contains 68.5% galena by mass. If the lead can be extracted with 92.5% efficiency, what mass of ore is required to make a lead sphere with a 5.00-cm radius?
Problem 141
A length of #8 copper wire (radius = 1.63 mm) has a mass of 24.0 kg and a resistance of 2.061 ohm per km (Ω / km). What is the overall resistance of the wire?
Problem 142
Rolls of aluminum foil are 304 mm wide and 0.016 mm thick. What maximum length of aluminum foil can be made from 1.10 kg of aluminum?
- Liquid nitrogen has a density of 0.808 g/mL and boils at 77 K. Researchers often purchase liquid nitrogen in insulated 175 L tanks. The liquid vaporizes quickly to gaseous nitrogen (which has a density of 1.15 g/L at room temperature and atmospheric pressure) when the liquid is removed from the tank. Suppose that all 175 L of liquid nitrogen in a tank accidentally vaporized in a lab that measured 10.00 m * 10.00 m * 2.50 m. What maximum fraction of the air in the room could be displaced by the gaseous nitrogen?
Problem 143
Problem 144
Mercury is often used in thermometers. The mercury sits in a bulb on the bottom of the thermometer and rises up a thin capillary as the temperature rises. Suppose a mercury thermometer contains 3.380 g of mercury and has a capillary that is 0.200 mm in diameter. How far does the mercury rise in the capillary when the temperature changes from 0.0 °C to 25.0 °C? The density of mercury at these temperatures is 13.596 g/cm3 and 13.534 g/cm3, respectively
- A force of 2.31 * 10^4 N is applied to a diver’s face mask that has an area of 125 cm^2. Find the pressure in atm on the face mask.
Problem 145
- A box contains a mixture of small copper spheres and small lead spheres. The total volume of both metals is measured by the displacement of water to be 427 cm³, and the total mass is 4.36 kg. What is the percentage of copper spheres?
Problem 152
- The diagram shown first represents solid carbon dioxide, also known as dry ice. Which of the other diagrams best represents the carbon dioxide after it has sublimed into a gas?
Problem 154
- A cube has an edge length of 7 cm. If it is divided up into 1 cm cubes, how many 1 cm cubes are there?
Problem 155
- Substance A has a density of 1.7 g/cm³. Substance B has a density of 1.7 kg/m³. Without doing any calculations, determine which substance is more dense.
Problem 156