In each of the following instances, tell whether the substance gains electrons or loses electrons in a redox reaction. (a) An oxidizing agent (b) A reducing agent (c) A substance undergoing oxidation (d) A substance undergoing reduction

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Understand that a redox reaction involves the transfer of electrons between two substances.

Recognize that an oxidizing agent is a substance that gains electrons and is reduced in the process.

Identify that a reducing agent is a substance that loses electrons and is oxidized in the process.

Note that a substance undergoing oxidation loses electrons.

Observe that a substance undergoing reduction gains electrons.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Redox Reactions

Redox reactions, short for reduction-oxidation reactions, involve the transfer of electrons between two substances. In these reactions, one substance is oxidized (loses electrons) while another is reduced (gains electrons). Understanding the roles of oxidizing and reducing agents is crucial for identifying how substances interact during these processes.

Oxidizing Agent

An oxidizing agent is a substance that facilitates oxidation in another substance by accepting electrons. As it gains electrons, the oxidizing agent itself is reduced. Recognizing the characteristics of oxidizing agents helps in determining which substances are involved in electron transfer during redox reactions.

Reducing Agent

A reducing agent is a substance that donates electrons to another substance, causing that substance to be reduced. In the process, the reducing agent itself is oxidized. Identifying reducing agents is essential for understanding how they interact with oxidizing agents in redox reactions, as they play a key role in the overall electron transfer.

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Oxidizing and Reducing Agents

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Which element is oxidized and which is reduced in each of the following reactions? (b)