Ch.22 - The Main Group Elements
Chapter 22, Problem 39
Which element in each of the following pairs has more nonmetallic character? (b) Br or As
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the concept of nonmetallic character. Nonmetallic character refers to the tendency of an element to accept electrons during chemical reactions. Nonmetals typically have higher electronegativities and ionization energies compared to metals.
Step 2: Locate the elements on the periodic table. Bromine (Br) is in Group 17 (halogens) and Arsenic (As) is in Group 15 (pnictogens).
Step 3: Compare the positions of Br and As on the periodic table. Nonmetallic character increases across a period from left to right and decreases down a group.
Step 4: Analyze the trends. Since Br is to the right of As in the same period, Br has a higher nonmetallic character than As.
Step 5: Conclude that Bromine (Br) has more nonmetallic character than Arsenic (As) based on its position in the periodic table and the general trend of increasing nonmetallic character across a period.
Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Nonmetallic Character
Nonmetallic character refers to the tendency of an element to exhibit properties typical of nonmetals, such as high electronegativity, poor conductivity, and the ability to gain electrons. Nonmetals are generally found on the right side of the periodic table and are characterized by their ability to form covalent bonds and anions.
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Metallic Character Example
Periodic Trends
Periodic trends are predictable patterns observed in the properties of elements across the periodic table. Nonmetallic character increases as you move from left to right across a period and decreases as you move down a group. Understanding these trends helps in comparing elements and predicting their behavior.
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Bromine vs. Arsenic
In the pair of elements Br (bromine) and As (arsenic), bromine is a nonmetal while arsenic is a metalloid. Bromine, being further to the right in the periodic table, has a higher nonmetallic character compared to arsenic, which influences its chemical reactivity and bonding behavior.
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Related Practice