Textbook Question
The glycinate anion, gly-= NH2CH2CO2 -, bonds to metal ions through the N atom and one of the O atoms. Using to represent gly-, sketch the structures of the four stereoisomers of Co(gly)3.
Ch.21 - Transition Elements and Coordination Chemistry
Chapter 21, Problem 26b
Locate on the periodic table the transition elements with the following electron configurations. Identify each element.
(c) [Kr] 4d25s2
(d) [Xe] 4f36s2
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the core electron configuration: For (c), the core is [Kr], and for (d), the core is [Xe].
Determine the additional electrons: For (c), add 4d^2 5s^2, and for (d), add 4f^3 6s^2.
Locate the period: For (c), the 5s and 4d orbitals indicate the 5th period. For (d), the 6s and 4f orbitals indicate the 6th period.
Identify the block: Both configurations involve d and f orbitals, indicating transition metals.
Find the element: For (c), locate the element with 2 electrons in the 4d subshell in the 5th period. For (d), locate the element with 3 electrons in the 4f subshell in the 6th period.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Electron Configuration
Electron configuration describes the distribution of electrons in an atom's orbitals. It is represented using a notation that indicates the energy levels and sublevels occupied by electrons. Understanding electron configurations is crucial for identifying elements, especially transition metals, as they often involve partially filled d and f orbitals.
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Electron Configuration Example
Transition Elements
Transition elements, or transition metals, are found in groups 3 to 12 of the periodic table. They are characterized by their ability to form variable oxidation states and complex ions, and they typically have partially filled d orbitals. This unique electron configuration contributes to their distinctive chemical properties, such as catalytic activity and the formation of colored compounds.
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Periodic Table Positioning
The periodic table organizes elements based on their atomic number and electron configurations, which reflect their chemical properties. Transition metals are located in the central block of the table, and their positions can be determined by their electron configurations. Identifying an element based on its electron configuration requires knowledge of the periodic table's layout and the specific groups associated with transition metals.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Draw the structures of all possible diastereoisomers of an octahedral complex with the formula MA2B2C2. Which of the diastereoisomers, if any, can exist as enantiomers?
Textbook Question
Locate on the periodic table the transition elements with the following electron configurations. Identify each element.
(a) [Ar] 3d74s2
(b) [Ar] 3d54s1
Textbook Question
Look at the location in the periodic table of elements A, B, C, and D. What is the electron configuration of the transition metal in each of the following ions?
(c) C3+
(d) DO42-
Textbook Question
What is the systematic name for each of the following molecules or ions? Include cis or trans prefixes for diastereoisomers. Platinum is Pt(II) in square planar complexes and Pt(IV) in octahedral complexes.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Textbook Question
Consider the following isomers [Cr(NH3)2Cl4]-.
(a) Label the isomers as cis or trans.
(b) Which isomers are identical, and which are different?
(c) Do any of these isomers exist as enantiomers? Explain.