Textbook Question
Draw the condensed structure of the compounds formed by condensation reactions between
a. butanoic acid and methanol
Name the compound in each case.
Ch.24 - The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry
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Brown 15th EditionCh.24 - The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological ChemistryProblem 47b
Brown 15th EditionCh.24 - The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological ChemistryProblem 47bChapter 24, Problem 47b
Write a balanced chemical equation using condensed structural formulas for the saponification (base hydrolysis) of
b. phenyl acetate.
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the structure of phenyl acetate, which is an ester formed from acetic acid and phenol. The condensed structural formula for phenyl acetate is C6H5OCOCH3.
Recognize that saponification involves the reaction of an ester with a strong base (commonly NaOH) to form an alcohol and a carboxylate salt.
Write the chemical formula for the base, NaOH, which will be used to hydrolyze the ester.
Set up the reaction: phenyl acetate (C6H5OCOCH3) reacts with NaOH. The ester bond in phenyl acetate will be broken, forming phenol (C6H5OH) and sodium acetate (CH3COONa).
Balance the chemical equation to ensure the number of atoms for each element is the same on both sides of the equation. The balanced equation should reflect a 1:1 molar ratio between phenyl acetate and NaOH.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Saponification
Saponification is a chemical reaction that involves the hydrolysis of an ester in the presence of a base, typically sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or potassium hydroxide (KOH). This process produces an alcohol and a carboxylate salt, which is commonly known as soap. In the context of phenyl acetate, saponification results in the formation of phenol and sodium acetate.
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Condensed Structural Formulas
Condensed structural formulas provide a simplified representation of a molecule's structure, showing the arrangement of atoms and the connectivity between them without depicting all the bonds explicitly. This notation is useful for illustrating the reactants and products in a chemical reaction, allowing chemists to quickly understand the molecular composition and relationships in the reaction.
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Balancing Chemical Equations
Balancing chemical equations is the process of ensuring that the number of atoms for each element is the same on both the reactant and product sides of the equation. This is based on the law of conservation of mass, which states that matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction. A balanced equation accurately reflects the stoichiometry of the reaction, allowing for the correct prediction of product yields and reactant consumption.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Draw the condensed structure of the compounds formed by condensation reactions between
b. benzoic acid and 2-propanol
Name the compound in each case.
Textbook Question
Write a balanced chemical equation using condensed structural formulas for the saponification (base hydrolysis) of
a. methyl propionate
Textbook Question
Write a balanced chemical equation using condensed structural formulas for
a. the formation of butyl propionate from the appropriate acid and alcohol
Textbook Question
Write a balanced chemical equation using condensed structural formulas for
b. the saponification (base hydrolysis) of methyl benzoate.