Textbook Question
The diagrams shown represent an emulsion, a true solution, and a liquid crystal. The colored balls represent different liquid molecules. Which diagram corresponds to which type of mixture? [Section 13.6]
Ch.13 - Properties of Solutions
Chapter 13, Problem 15a
Indicate the type of solute–solvent interaction that should be most important in each of the following solutions: a. CCl4 in benzene (C6H6),
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the polarity of the solute (CCl4) and the solvent (benzene, C6H6). Both CCl4 and benzene are nonpolar molecules.
Understand that nonpolar molecules have London dispersion forces as the primary type of intermolecular force.
Recognize that when both solute and solvent are nonpolar, the interaction between them is primarily through dispersion forces.
Conclude that the most important type of solute-solvent interaction in a solution of CCl4 in benzene is dispersion forces.
Consider that these interactions facilitate the dissolution of CCl4 in benzene, as like dissolves like, meaning nonpolar solutes tend to dissolve well in nonpolar solvents.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Solute-Solvent Interactions
Solute-solvent interactions refer to the forces that occur between solute particles and solvent molecules when a solution is formed. These interactions can include hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole interactions, and London dispersion forces. The type of interaction that predominates depends on the nature of the solute and solvent, influencing solubility and solution properties.
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Solution Components
Polarity
Polarity is a key concept in chemistry that describes the distribution of electrical charge over the atoms in a molecule. Polar molecules have a significant difference in electronegativity between their atoms, leading to partial positive and negative charges. In contrast, nonpolar molecules, like CCl4, have an even distribution of charge, which affects their interactions with polar and nonpolar solvents.
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Like Dissolves Like
The principle of 'like dissolves like' states that polar solvents tend to dissolve polar solutes, while nonpolar solvents dissolve nonpolar solutes. This concept is crucial for predicting solubility and understanding the behavior of mixtures. In the case of CCl4 in benzene, both are nonpolar, suggesting that London dispersion forces will be the primary interaction facilitating their solubility.
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Related Practice
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