Table of contents

1. Intro to General Chemistry3h 48m
2. Atoms & Elements4h 16m
3. Chemical Reactions4h 10m
4. BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 36m
5. BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions48m
6. Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions3h 53m
7. Gases3h 49m
8. Thermochemistry2h 37m
9. Quantum Mechanics2h 58m
10. Periodic Properties of the Elements3h 9m
11. Bonding & Molecular Structure3h 29m
12. Molecular Shapes & Valence Bond Theory1h 57m
13. Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces2h 23m
14. Solutions3h 1m
15. Chemical Kinetics2h 53m
16. Chemical Equilibrium2h 29m
17. Acid and Base Equilibrium5h 1m
18. Aqueous Equilibrium4h 47m
19. Chemical Thermodynamics1h 50m
20. Electrochemistry2h 42m
21. Nuclear Chemistry2h 36m
22. Organic Chemistry5h 7m
23. Chemistry of the Nonmetals2h 39m
24. Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds3h 16m

14. Solutions

Molality

General Chemistry

14. Solutions

Molality

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Multiple Choice

An aqueous solution contains 36% HCl by mass. If the density of the solution is 1.18 g/mL, what is the molality of HCl in the solution?

15.2 mol/kg

12.0 mol/kg

9.8 mol/kg

7.5 mol/kg

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Verified step by step guidance

First, understand that molality is defined as the number of moles of solute (HCl in this case) per kilogram of solvent. The formula for molality (m) is: m = \( \frac{\text{moles of solute}}{\text{kilograms of solvent}} \).

Calculate the mass of HCl in a given mass of solution. Assume you have 100 g of solution for simplicity. Since the solution is 36% HCl by mass, the mass of HCl is 36 g.

Determine the moles of HCl using its molar mass. The molar mass of HCl is approximately 36.46 g/mol. Use the formula: \( \text{moles of HCl} = \frac{\text{mass of HCl}}{\text{molar mass of HCl}} \).

Calculate the mass of the solvent (water) in the solution. Since the total mass of the solution is 100 g and the mass of HCl is 36 g, the mass of water is 64 g. Convert this mass to kilograms by dividing by 1000.

Finally, calculate the molality of the solution using the formula: m = \( \frac{\text{moles of HCl}}{\text{kilograms of water}} \). Insert the values obtained from the previous steps to find the molality.